Sneaky Integral

Level 2

Let N N be equal to the following integral. What is N ? \lfloor N\rfloor\text{?} 0 2 e x ( x 3 + 3 x 2 + 4 x + 4 ) d x \int_0^2e^x(x^3+3x^2+4x+4)\text{ }dx


The answer is 118.

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2 solutions

Trevor B.
Jan 9, 2014

This integral can be done by parts, but I didn't call it "sneaky" for nothing!

Take a look at the polynomial: x 3 + 3 x 2 + 4 x + 4. x^3+3x^2+4x+4. Rearrange it so it is x 3 + 4 x + 3 x 2 + 4 x^3+4x+3x^2+4 and let u = x 3 + 4 x . u=x^3+4x. Note that u = 3 x 2 + 4. u'=3x^2+4. Adding u u and u u' gives the original polynomial, so we can say this. 0 2 e x ( x 3 + 3 x 2 + 4 x + 4 ) d x = 0 2 e x ( u + u ) d x \int_0^2e^x(x^3+3x^2+4x+4)\text{ }dx=\int_0^2e^x(u+u')\text{ }dx Let's see if there is an easy way to find the antiderivative of e x ( u + u ) . e^x(u+u'). Let v = e x . v=e^x. Note that v = e x . v'=e^x. We are now trying to find the antiderivative of u v + u v . uv+u'v. Knowing that v = v , v=v'\text{,} we can say we are trying to find the antiderivative of u v + u v . uv'+u'v. This, by the Product Rule, is equal to ( u v ) . (uv)'. Substituting u u and v v back in, we can say this. e x ( x 3 + 3 x 2 + 4 x + 4 ) d x = e x ( x 3 + 4 x ) + C \int e^x(x^3+3x^2+4x+4)\text{ }dx=e^x(x^3+4x)+C All we need to now is plug in 0 0 and 2. 2. e x ( x 3 + 4 x ) ] 0 2 = e 2 ( 8 + 8 ) e 0 ( 0 + 0 ) = 16 e 2 \left.e^x(x^3+4x)\right]^2_0 =e^2(8+8)-e^0(0+0) =16e^2 N = 16 e 2 118.22489 , N=16e^2\approx118.22489\ldots\text{,} so N = 118 \lfloor N\rfloor=\boxed{118}

Rohan Shinde
Dec 6, 2018

Let g ( x ) = e x f ( x ) g(x)= e^x f(x)

Hence g ( x ) = e x ( f ( x ) + f ( x ) ) g'(x)=e^x(f(x)+f'(x))

Now in our case f ( x ) = x 3 + 4 x f(x)=x^3+4x

Hence 0 2 e x ( x 3 + 3 x 2 + 4 x + 4 ) d x = ( e x ( x 3 + 4 x ) ) 0 2 = 16 e 2 \int_0^2 e^x(x^3+3x^2+4x+4) dx=(e^x(x^3+4x))\vert _0^2=16e^2

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