Determine the sum of integers for which n 2 + 1 9 n + 9 2 is a perfect square
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n 2 + 1 9 n + 9 2 = k 2 so the discriminant must be integer and be a perfect square.
D = 1 9 2 − 4 ( 1 ) ( 9 2 − k 2 ) = 4 k 2 − 7 = m 2
⇒ 4 k 2 − m 2 = 7 so ( 2 k − m ) ( 2 k + m ) = 7
We get four sistem of equations:
2 k − m = 1 with 2 k + m = 7 , and 2 k − m = 7 with 2 k + m = 1 have as solution k = 2
2 k − m = − 1 with 2 k + m = − 7 , and 2 k − m = − 7 with 2 k + m = − 1 have as solution k = − 2
Then substitute and solve for n 2 + 1 9 n + 9 2 = k 2 and get as solutions n = − 1 1 , − 8 ∴ the sum is − 1 9
How come you need to consider the discriminant? Where does that come from?
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We know that b 2 is odd as b = 1 9 . So, D = b 2 − 4 a c is also odd. Now, when we take a look at the quadratic formula, 2 a − b ± D , if D is an odd perfect square , then D is a odd integer. Hence, − b ± D is an even integer. So, 2 − b ± D is also an integer. That is why, the d i s c r i m i n a n t should be a perfect square in this case.
I solved the problem correctly , i just wanted to ask how do we get the logic that we have to multiply the eqation by 4
There is a shortcut to this problem
Given that x²+19x+92= 0
Sum = -b/a Product= c/a
a=1 b=19 c=92 Sum of roots is -b/a
So the answer is -19
This method is not correct. As over here, the sum of the roots is − 1 9 for the roots as 2 − 1 9 ± 7 i . Also, only 0 is not a perfect square.
Another method is the form
x²-(r1+r2)x+(r1*r2)=0
Where r1 and r2 are the roots of the quadratic equation
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We wish to find n such that n 2 + 1 9 n + 9 2 = m 2 for some integer m . Completing the square, we then have that
( n + 2 1 9 ) 2 − ( 2 1 9 ) 2 + 9 2 = m 2 ⟹ ( n + 2 1 9 ) 2 + 4 7 = m 2
⟹ ( 2 m ) 2 − ( 2 n + 1 9 ) 2 = 7 ⟹ ( 2 m + ( 2 n + 1 9 ) ) ( 2 m − ( 2 n + 1 9 ) ) = 7 .
Since we are looking for integer solutions, we must then have that either
(i) 2 m + ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = 7 , 2 m − ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = 1 ⟹ m = 2 , n = − 8 ,
(ii) 2 m + ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = − 7 , 2 m − ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = − 1 ⟹ m = − 2 , n = − 1 1 ,
(iii) 2 m + ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = 1 , 2 m − ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = 7 ⟹ m = 2 , n = − 1 1 , or
(iv) 2 m + ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = − 1 , 2 m − ( 2 n + 1 9 ) = − 7 ⟹ m = − 2 , n = − 8 .
Thus the only possible values for n are − 8 and − 1 1 , which sum to − 1 9 .