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Algebra Level 3

There exist an geometric progression with infinite terms such that its sum is 3 and sum of the square of each term in the progression is 81.

If the absolute value of the common ratio can be expressed p q {\dfrac{p}{q}} for positive coprime integers p p and q q , find p + q p+q .


The answer is 9.

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2 solutions

Department 8
Nov 8, 2015

Let the First term in the sequence be a a and common ratio be r r and sum of infinite GP is given by a 1 r \large{\frac{a}{1-r}} (see wiki ). Now at the question we have

a + a r + a r 2 + a r 3 + = a 1 r = 3 ( a 1 r ) 2 = 9 a 2 ( 1 r ) 2 = 9 ( 1 ) \large{a+ar+ar^2+ar^3+\ldots = \frac{a}{1-r} = 3 \\ {(\frac{a}{1-r})}^{2}=9 \\ \frac{a^2}{(1-r)^2} = 9 \quad \quad (1)}

a 2 + a 2 r 2 + a 2 r 4 + = a 2 1 r 2 = 81 ( 2 ) \large{a^2+a^2r^2+a^2r^4+ \ldots=\frac{a^2}{1-r^2}=81 \quad \quad (2)}

Now Dividing ( 1 ) (1) by ( 2 ) (2)

a 2 ( 1 r ) 2 × 1 r 2 a 2 = 1 9 ( 1 + r ) ( 1 r ) ( 1 r ) 2 = 1 9 9 + 9 r = 1 r r = 4 5 \large{\frac { { a }^{ 2 } }{ { \left( 1-r \right) }^{ 2 } } \times \frac { 1-{ r }^{ 2 } }{ { a }^{ 2 } } =\frac{1}{9}\\ \frac { \left( 1+r \right) \left( 1-r \right) }{ { \left( 1-r \right) }^{ 2 } } =\frac{1}{9}\\ 9+9r=1-r\\ |r|=\frac { 4 }{ 5 } }

This gives p + q = 9 p+q=9 .

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great solution ! a^2×r^4 in 3rd term of the 2nd sequence !

Mohammad Hamdar - 5 years, 7 months ago

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Thanks edited

Department 8 - 5 years, 7 months ago

I think that it should be a 2 ( 1 r ) 2 × 1 r 2 a 2 = 9 81 = 1 9 , \dfrac{a^{2}}{(1 - r)^{2}} \times \dfrac{1 - r^{2}}{a^{2}} = \dfrac{9}{81} = \dfrac{1}{9},

which would yield a solution of r = 4 5 . r = -\dfrac{4}{5}.

You may need to edit the question to ask for r |r| instead. Nice question and solution, otherwise. :)

Brian Charlesworth - 5 years, 7 months ago

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Tanks edited it

Department 8 - 5 years, 7 months ago
Mohit Gupta
Nov 9, 2015

Well i took 2:10 to solve it

Me 35 secsonds

Department 8 - 5 years, 7 months ago

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GREAT......... :)

Mohit Gupta - 5 years, 7 months ago

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