n = 1 ∑ ∞ n 2 F 1 ( − n , 2 1 ; 1 ; 1 ) = a ln ( b )
Solve for a + b and for a,b are prime numbers
Notation: 2 F 1 ( ⋅ , ⋅ ; ⋅ ; ⋅ ) denotes the hypergeometric function .
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Wonderful Mr.Bhandari,you can advance this result to covert integral of an infinite product to sum.
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Sorry , I dont get your ideas howeverr, the problem can be advanced for sure.
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Oh don't worry the argument would be presented by me sooner or later and I am happy for the suggestions.
It is the same argument that I used but more general.And you can use it to find an alternate series for the cotangent function.
But the limit part,we can solve it without the limit part.
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trigonometry substitution t = sin 2 x , cos 2 x and the rest is ∫ 0 2 π ln ( cos 2 x ) d x and rest can be done with classical techniques and most straightforward is by clausen function and cosine fourier series
Ok I get it!!
https://brilliant.org/discussions/thread/on-the-summation-of-hypergeometric-series/?ref_id=1596953 Try this discussion ,I have provided the general answer to all values of the function.
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Due to Euler we have 2 F 1 ( a , b ; c ; z ) = Γ ( b ) Γ ( c − b ) Γ ( c ) ∫ 0 1 ( 1 − z t ) n t b − 1 ( 1 − t ) c − b − 1 d t and hence we have 2 F 1 ( − n , 2 1 ; 1 ; 1 ) = Γ 2 ( 2 1 ) Γ ( 1 ) ∫ 0 1 t − 1 / 2 ( 1 − t ) − 1 / 2 ( 1 − t ) n d t and required sum is n ≥ 1 ∑ n 2 F 1 ( − n , 2 1 ; 1 ; 1 ) = − π 1 ∫ 0 1 t − 1 / 2 ( 1 − t ) − 1 / 2 lo g t d t since n ≥ 1 ∑ n − 1 ( 1 − t ) n = − lo g t for all t ∈ ( 0 , 1 ] and last integral is easy to observe that x → 1 / 2 lim ∂ x ∂ ∫ 0 1 t x − 1 ( 1 − t ) − 1 / 2 d t = x → 1 / 2 lim ∂ x ∂ B ( x , 2 1 ) = x → 1 / 2 lim B ( x , 2 1 ) ( ψ 0 ( x ) + ψ 0 ( x + 2 1 ) ) = π ( ψ 0 ( 1 ) + ψ 0 ( 2 1 ) ) = π ( γ − γ − 2 ln 2 ) = 2 ln 2 and thus the final answer we have is 2 ln 2 giving us a + b = 4 .
Alternatively
Due to Guass we have 2 F 1 ( a , b : c , 1 ) = Γ ( c − a ) Γ ( c − b ) Γ ( c ) Γ ( c − a − b ) so that n = 1 ∑ ∞ n 2 F 1 ( − n , 2 1 ; 1 ; 1 ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ Γ ( 1 + n ) Γ ( 2 1 ) Γ ( 1 ) Γ ( 2 1 + n ) since Γ ( n + 2 1 ) = 4 n n ! ( 2 n ) ! π so the final sum becomes n = 1 ∑ ∞ n 4 n 1 ( n 2 n ) = ∫ 0 1 ( x 1 − x 1 − x 1 ) d x = 2 ln 2 _
It is required to specify that either a or b is prime for unique answer since 2 ln ( 2 ) = ln ( 4 ) gives different answer. For n ≥ 1 the result can also be written as n 1 ln ( 2 2 n ) so it doesn't make answer unique