Soviet Sine

Geometry Level 4

Given acute positive angles α \alpha and β \beta , which satisfy the following equations:

3 sin 2 α + 2 sin 2 β = 1 3\sin^{2}\alpha+2\sin^{2}\beta=1 3 sin 2 α 2 sin 2 β = 0 3\sin2\alpha-2\sin2\beta=0

If α + 2 β \alpha+2\beta can be expressed in the form a π b \dfrac{a\pi}{b} , where a a and b b are relatively prime, then find a + b a+b .


The answer is 3.

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1 solution

Yashas Ravi
Nov 6, 2020

If 3 s i n ( 2 α ) 2 s i n ( 2 β ) = 0 3sin(2α) - 2sin(2β) = 0 , that means 3 s i n ( 2 α ) = 2 s i n ( 2 β ) 3sin(2α) = 2sin(2β) . Using the double angle identity, 3 s i n ( α ) c o s ( α ) = 2 s i n ( β ) c o s ( β ) 3sin(α)cos(α) = 2sin(β)cos(β) . Now, let's square both sides. This gives us 9 s i n ( α ) 2 c o s ( α ) 2 = 4 s i n ( β ) 2 c o s ( β ) 2 9sin(α)^2cos(α)^2 = 4sin(β)^2cos(β)^2 and we know that s i n ( α ) 2 + c o s ( α ) 2 = 1 sin(α)^2 + cos(α)^2 = 1 and s i n ( β ) 2 + c o s ( β ) 2 = 1 sin(β)^2 + cos(β)^2 = 1 by the Pythagorean identity. Thus, 9 s i n ( α ) 2 ( 1 s i n ( α ) 2 ) = 4 s i n ( β ) 2 ( 1 s i n ( β ) 2 ) 9sin(α)^2(1-sin(α)^2) = 4sin(β)^2(1-sin(β)^2) . By the first equation, we know that 3 s i n ( α ) 2 + 2 s i n ( β ) 2 = 1 3sin(α)^2 + 2sin(β)^2 = 1 , so we can use a linear system of equations with s i n ( α ) 2 sin(α)^2 and s i n ( β ) 2 sin(β)^2 . Once this is done, s i n ( α ) 2 = 1 9 sin(α)^2 = \frac{1}{9} and s i n ( β ) 2 = 1 3 sin(β)^2 = \frac{1}{3} . Since we want to find α + 2 β α+2β , we can use the values of s i n ( α ) sin(α) and s i n ( β ) sin(β) , the pythagorean identities to derive c o s ( α ) cos(α) and c o s ( β ) cos(β) , and the double angle identities to derive c o s ( 2 α ) cos(2α) and c o s ( 2 β ) cos(2β) to derive this quantity. Using these identities, s i n ( α + 2 β ) = s i n ( α ) c o s ( 2 β ) + c o s ( α ) s i n ( 2 β ) = 1 sin(α+2β) = sin(α)cos(2β) + cos(α)sin(2β) = 1 , so then α + 2 β = π / 2 α+2β = π/2 . Thus, a + b = 1 + 2 = 3 a+b = 1 + 2 = 3 which is the final answer.

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