If the radius of a sphere inscribed in a right circular conical frustum is 3 and the slant height of the frustum is 10, find the volume of the frustum.
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Cut the frustum and inscribed sphere with a vertical plane passing through the center of the sphere and perpendicular to the two bases.
Ignore the numbers in the diagram above.
Let the slant height C B = 1 0 and the radius of the circle O G = O E = O F = 3
Let E C = r ∗ , since △ E O C ≅ △ C O F ⟹ C F = r ∗ and F B = 1 0 − r ∗ . Since △ F O B ≅ △ B O G ⟹ B G = 1 0 − r ∗ . From C draw a perpendicular to base A B at point I , then △ C I B is a right triangle, where C I = 6 , I B = 1 0 − 2 r ∗ and C B = 1 0 ⟹ ( 1 0 − 2 r ∗ ) 2 + 3 6 = 1 0 0 ⟹ r ∗ 2 − 1 0 r ∗ + 9 = 0 ⟹ r ∗ = 9 , 1 . Since the radius of the smaller base r ∗ < R = 1 0 − r ∗ we choose r ∗ = 1 ⟹ R = 1 0 − r ∗ = 9 ⟹ the volume of the frustum V = 3 π h ( R 2 + r ∗ R + r ∗ 2 ) = 3 π ( 2 ∗ 3 ) ( 8 1 + 9 + 1 ) = 1 8 2 π = 5 7 1 . 7 6 9 8 6 2 9 5 to eight decimal places.