The diagram shows a square PQRS inside a right-angled isoceles triangle ABC. PQ = QR = 2 cm. Find the area of the triangle ABC.
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Since it is an isosceles right △ , A B = B C . △ A P Q ∼ △ A B C , then A P 2 = A B B C = A B A B = 1 , so A P = 2 . Since △ A B C is isosceles, S C = A P = 2 . So A C = 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 . By the theorem of pythagoras, we have A C 2 = A B 2 + B C 2 , however, A B = B C , so A C 2 = 2 A B 2 , or 6 2 = 2 A B 2 . Simplifying further, we get A B 2 = 1 8 . Therefore, the area of △ A B C is
A = 2 1 base x height = 2 1 ( A B ) ( B C ) = 2 1 A B 2 = 2 1 ( 1 8 ) = 9