Consider the figure on the right. The goal is to cut off a piece and rearrange it into a square.
Clearly, we can cut off the triangle with interior angles 30 -45 , and paste on the at the bottom to form a square, as shown on the left.
Is it possible to cut of a different piece from the original shape and rearrange it into a square?
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The cut is colored orange in this diagram.
Since the "removed" triangle can be rotated 4 5 ∘ about the lower right vertex, then we can "fit" the new triangle between the replaced and the removed. So since all these triangles share the common areas, angles and side lengths, we can use the combination of two triangles to assemble back into the square.