Squared Away!

Algebra Level 2

{ x + y = 12 x 2 + y 2 = 64 \large \begin{cases} x + y = 12 \\ x^2 + y^2 = 64 \end{cases} If two real numbers x x and y y satisfy the system above, determine the product x y xy . Or, if you think there is no solution, submit 99 as your answer.


The answer is 99.

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6 solutions

Otto Bretscher
Mar 6, 2016

The distance from the line x + y 12 = 0 x+y-12=0 to the origin is 12 2 > 8 \frac{12}{\sqrt{2}}>8 , exceeding the radius of the circle x 2 + y 2 = 64 x^2+y^2=64 , so that they fail to intersect. The answer is 99 \boxed{99}

x 2 + y 2 = 64 x^2+y^2=64

( x + y ) 2 2 x y = 64 \implies (x+y)^2-2xy=64

( 12 ) 2 2 x y = 64 \implies (12)^2-2xy=64

x y = 40 \implies xy=40

What's wrong and what carelessness I have in my solution?

Ravi Dwivedi - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Your Solution is correct but now you know x+y and xy so solve for x and y and you will come to know that they aren't real.

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 3 months ago

That is the point,the question just asks the product and this is exactly the same I have done. @kushagra, they never asked you to find if the values are real or not. I am a 9th class student and as per my knowledge the answer comes out to be 40. As per me, this question has a solution

Rishabh Sood - 5 years, 3 months ago

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No......the product is 40 but x and y are not real...so no solution

Ravi Dwivedi - 5 years, 3 months ago

Lol... that is a bit more advanced than Level 3 Algebra , but a nice geometric solution!

Arjen Vreugdenhil - 5 years, 3 months ago

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I feel better when I can see things ;)

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 3 months ago

I really liked this problem and got inspired to create this problem . :)

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 3 months ago

Lol.... It is level 3 algebra now!

Rishabh Sood - 5 years, 3 months ago

We have x 2 + y 2 = x 2 + ( 12 x ) 2 = 2 x 2 24 x + 144 = 2 ( x 6 ) 2 + 72 = 64 , x^2 + y^2 = x^2 + (12-x)^2 = 2x^2 - 24x + 144 = 2(x - 6)^2 + 72 = 64, which implies ( x 6 ) 2 < 0 (x-6)^2 < 0 ; this equation has no real solutions.

The solutions are actually x , y = 6 ± 2 i x,\ y = 6\pm 2i , and x y = ( 6 + 2 i ) ( 6 2 i ) = 6 2 ( 2 i ) 2 = 36 + 4 = 40. xy = (6+2i)(6-2i) = 6^2 - (2i)^2 = 36+ 4 = 40. However, these solutions are not real numbers as was required.

Rishabh Jain
Mar 6, 2016

Clearly the line x + y 12 = 0 x+y-12=0 and the circle x 2 + y 2 64 = 0 x^2+y^2-64=0 do not have any ordered ( x , y ) (x,y) in common. Hence , no solutions. OR \textbf{OR} Put y = 12 x y=12-x in the second equation. x 2 + ( 12 x ) 2 = 64 \implies x^2+(12-x)^2=64 x 2 12 x + 40 = 0 \implies x^2-12x +40=0 whose discriminant = 144 160 = 16 < 0 =144-160=-16<0 hence no real ( x , y ) (x,y) exist. OR \textbf{OR} x y = ( x + y ) 2 ( x 2 + y 2 ) 2 = 144 64 2 = 40 xy=\dfrac{(x+y)^2-(x^2+y^2)}{2}=\dfrac{144-64}{2}=40 But we know:- ( x y ) 2 0 x y ( x + y ) 2 4 = 36 (x-y)^2\geq0 \implies xy\leq \dfrac{(x+y)^2}{4}=36 which rules out our case of getting x y = 40 xy=40 . \therefore answer is 99 \boxed{99} .

Do you think we can apply AM-GM? It's true for only positive reals. So even if x and y were negative reals then also the equation wouldn't have been true, so how would you have distinguished between x and y being negative reals or complex numbers. The other 2 methods are fine.

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Oh... I typoed it... I wrongly wrote applying AM-GM but now I think its fine.

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago
Hephzibah Manor
Mar 12, 2016

This got me! Eventually I came up with the answer of 99.

Kay Xspre
Mar 6, 2016

If we "squared away". we will get that x y = 1 2 ( 1 2 2 64 ) = 40 xy = \frac{1}{2}(12^2-64) = 40 . Using Vieta's Formula, we will get that X and Y must satisfy the equation a 2 12 a + 40 = 0 a^2-12a+40 = 0 , or simply ( a 6 ) 2 + 4 = 0 (a-6)^2+4 = 0 , which is not possible in set of real number.

Hung Woei Neoh
Apr 15, 2016

x + y = 12 y = 12 x x+y = 12\implies y=12-x

Substitute this into the second equation, and we get:

x 2 + ( 12 x ) 2 = 64 x^2 + (12 - x)^2 = 64

2 x 2 24 x + 84 = 0 2x^2 - 24x + 84 = 0

x 2 12 x + 42 = 0 x^2 - 12x + 42 = 0

Solving for x x :

x = b ± b 2 4 a c 2 a x = \dfrac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

= 12 ± ( 12 ) 2 4 ( 1 ) ( 40 ) 2 ( 1 ) = \dfrac{12 \pm \sqrt{(-12)^2 - 4(1)(40)}}{2(1)}

= 12 ± 16 2 = \dfrac{12 \pm \sqrt{-16}}{2}

From here, we can see that the two solutions will be complex. Since x x and y y are not real numbers, there is no need to continue calculating anymore, as the answer is 99 \boxed{99}

Alternatively, you can use the discriminant for quadratic equations b 2 4 a c b^2 - 4ac to determine that there are no real roots that satisfies the system above.

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