Star - Part 1

Geometry Level 1

If the star has an outside perimeter of 50, and the pentagon has a perimeter of 30, what is A B + B C + C D + D E + E A AB + BC + CD + DE + EA ?

100 60 80 90

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39 solutions

William Shao
Jun 7, 2015

Hmmm... All these solutions seem so complicated. Just mark off what the answer represents on the diagram, and you realize you have marked the perimeter of the star and pentagon. 50+30=80.

I Agree. By drawing the lines in the sum on the diagram you can see that you pass each segment of the perimeter of the Pentagon once and only once and each segment on the perimeter of the star once and only once, and as such it is the perimeter of the star + the perimeter of the pentagon. Anyone who has doodled pentagrams will sort of know this, if not intuitively, at least subconsciously.

I am all for solving equations mathematically, but I think in some cases we need to think intuitively. Otherwise a computer could do this much better than us. :-)

Ivar Svensen - 3 years, 8 months ago
Samantha Robles
Jun 6, 2015

Star perimeter+pentagon perimeter

Moderator note:

Why?

Because the sum of the sides needed includes both,the sides of the pentagon and the sides of the star

jatin soni - 5 years, 11 months ago

Because ab, BC, CD,de,ea includes all lines. Since perimeter of star plus perimeter of Pentagon equals all lines, you add the two values for your answer.

Boo! This is a bad problem! A star with the given dimensions cannot be built, at least not regular as shown, and I suspect not at all!

Tim Corica - 3 years ago
Nikita Dipali
Jun 6, 2015

Perimeter of a pentagon( in the centre) is 30 units. Perimeter of pentagon is the sum of all sides of pentagon, That implies that length of each side is permineter divided by number of sides, Which is 30/5 =6. Perimeter of star is 50 units. The star consists of ten sides. (Two sides per arm) Each side therefore will be 5 units. AB will be equal to HA+GH+BG that is 5+6+5 units (16 units). There are in totality 5 such long sides ( like AB,BC,CD...). 16 times 5 gives 80 units and therefore the answer.

From the solutions posted, AH=5 and HI=6. It doesn't seem like HI is longer than AH if we construct the star with these given lengths.

Renato Javier - 5 years, 6 months ago

Actually all the solutions are wrong since these are golden triangles. The correct answer to the question is 127.082 and it involves the Golden Ratio 1.618 ...

Jack Higbie - 4 years, 9 months ago

You have to pay close attention to details with this one. How they started off the problem is key. They said "IF". They didn't say that it's the actual length and they didn't state what type of triangle this was. It was hypothetical. Therefore there was no need to measure the sides or recreate the problem by stating what type of triangle it is to you. The statement is no different if you said "IF" I had a million dollars. That doesn't mean that you do. Purely hypothetical.

Mr Wright - 4 years, 3 months ago

Actually none of the options given above are correct. The actual answer would be 64 which is not included in the list of possible options. This follows because the length of the five segments sought is actually the perimeter of the star plus the perimeter of the little green pentagon whose each side may be easily computed to be 14/5 by using Pythagoras theorem in two different ways.

Amin Sofi - 3 years, 7 months ago

Renato is right. The problem is ill-posed. It is impossible for a star (i’m assuming it is a regular star) and corresponding embedded pentagon to have these dimensions.

Matthew Lancellotti - 2 years, 5 months ago

doesn't make sense. because Pentagon wont give out any perimeter regularly. you know Pentagon, everything classified

Oh, I didn't realize that error. I've removed "regular pentagon" from the description. Sorry about that.

Chung Kevin - 5 years, 11 months ago
Jan Armacost
Jun 14, 2015

If HI is 6 ,AH and AI cannot be 5 and have line AHGB be a straight line. For that line to be straight, AH would be 9.708, unless I am missing something.

Oh, I didn't realize that error. I've removed "regular pentagon" from the description. Sorry about that.

Chung Kevin - 5 years, 11 months ago
Jarret Byrne
Jun 5, 2015

Star Perimeter Line Segments = (Star Perimeter / Total Line Segments) = (50 / 10) = 5

AI = IC = CJ = JE = EF = FB = BG = GD = DH = HA = 5

Pentagon Line Segments = (Pentagon Perimeter / Total Line Segments) = (30 / 5) = 6

HI = IJ = JF = FG = GH = 6

AB = (HA + GH + BG) = (5 + 6 + 5) = 16

BC = (FB + JF + CJ) = (5 + 6 + 5) = 16

CD = (IC + HI + DH) = (5 + 6 + 5) = 16

DE = (GD + FG + EF) = (5 + 6 + 5) = 16

EA = (JE + IJ + AI) = (5 + 6 + 5) = 16

(AB + BC + CD + DE + EA) = (16 + 16 + 16 + 16 + 16) = 80

(5+6+5)*5=80

Jeremy Hodges
Jun 9, 2015

Unfortunately I believe your answer is incorrect. AHGB is not a straight line and AB must be interpreted as the straight line from A to B and its length is 15.46 given the dimensions you have given. Therefore the total of AB+BC+CD+DE+EA = 5x15.46 = 77.31 (to 2dp). Using the cosine rule angle HAI = 73.74 degrees and given the angle at the point of a 5-pointed star is 36 degrees, AB = 2x5cos18.87 + 6 = 15.46

Oh, I didn't realize that error. I've removed "regular pentagon" from the description. Sorry about that.

Chung Kevin - 5 years, 11 months ago

I agree with Jeremy. but even if not a regular pentagon, lines AB, AE etc cannot be straight lines. Given your dimensions GH is 6 units and DG is 5 units, the angle DGH would have to be 53degrees. Which means AB ... cannot be straight lines.

Jana Carpinato - 4 years, 9 months ago

I feel less crazy now. I overlooked that the pentagram had a perimeter of 30, and kept getting 65.45 as my solution. I facepalmed after rereading the question, but was wondering if my initial math was wrong. No it's just an impossible shape given those dimensions.

Tim Dean-Myrda - 3 years, 3 months ago
Rishi Jayaram
Dec 5, 2017

AB + BC + CD + DE + EA = (AH + HG + GB) + (BF + FJ + JC) + (CI + IH + HD) + (DG + GF + FE) + (EJ + JI + IA)

Rearranging the RHS:

AB + BC + CD + DE + EA = (AH + IA + CI + JC + EJ + FE + BF + GB + HD + DG) + (GF + FJ + JI + IH + HG)

AB + BC + CD + DE + EA = (Outside perimeter of the star) + (Perimeter of pentagon)

AB + BC + CD + DE + EA = 50 + 30 = 80

I know how to solve this problem, but I dont think the input is correct. AH = AI = 5 <HI = 6 however HAI is a simmetric triangel.p, AH & AI must be > HI

Oh, I didn't realize that error. I've removed "regular pentagon" from the description. Sorry about that.

Chung Kevin - 5 years, 11 months ago
William Allen
Mar 6, 2019

Length A B AB covers 2 of the smaller triangle lengths and the side of the pentagon. A B = B C = C D = D E = E A AB=BC=CD=DE=EA and we want to add all 5 so let’s just compute the pentagon perimeter + star perimeter = 30 + 50 = 80 \text{pentagon perimeter} + \text{star perimeter} = 30+50=\boxed{80}

Alkis Piskas
Oct 21, 2018

They don't say if the inside polygon is regular (i.e. all sides are equal) or not. But we don't care about that. The sum AB + BC + CD + DE + EA will be the sum of the two perimeters. That is 50 + 30 = 80 !

Angel Leon
Oct 5, 2018

Divide outside perimeter by 10 identical triangle sides, you get 5 for the blue segments. Then divide perimeter of pentagon by 5, you get 6. One big line is 2 blue + 1 green => 5 + 6 + 5 => 16.

16 x 5 = 80, done deal.

Gia Hoàng Phạm
Aug 28, 2018

Easy, 50 + 30 = 80 50+30=\boxed{\large{80}} because A B + B C + C D + D E + E A AB+BC+CD+DE+EA contains both shapes perimeter

John Cameron
Aug 21, 2018

Something is wrong here! The internal angles of a regular pentagon are 108 degrees. AGFJ is a quadrilateral with 3 angles in the pentagon. So the angle GAJ is 36 degrees. The triangle AHI has sides 5,5,6. You can't have the longest side (6) opposite the smallest angle (36).

Hasan Abdullayev
Nov 14, 2017

AH+HD+DG+GB+BF+FE+EJ+JC+CI+IA=50 HG+GF+FJ+JI+IH=30

AH+GB+BF+JC+CI+HD+DG+FE+EJ+IA+ (50) +HG+FJ+IH+GF+IJ (30) = ? S=50+30=80

Edwin Gray
Sep 1, 2017

I would like to suggest that any problem that is presented must be meaningful. In the current problem, we apparently have a regular pentagon, each interior angle being 108 degrees, with a supplementary angle of 72 degrees, which is the base angle of any of the isosceles triangles forming an external blue star. Its vertex angle is 36 degrees with opposite side equal to 6. We are forced to have by the law of cosines: 6^2 = 5^2 + 5^2 - (2)(5)(5)cos(36), or 36 = 25 + 25 -50cos(36) = 50(1 - cos(36) = 50 (1 - .80901699) = 50 .19098301 = 9.5491505, a long way from 36. Ed Gray

My "blue star" should have read " blue triangle". Sorry about that. Ed Gray

Edwin Gray - 3 years, 9 months ago
Deependra Rajpoot
Jul 17, 2017

The question is wrong!!! AB,BC,CD,DE,or EA can't be straight lines as the question suggests, just because for AB to be straight angle<AHI has to be 72 degrees(pentagon's interior angle is 108 deg). So the length of AH is already fixed and has to be greater than HI, which in this case(AH=5 and HI=6) is not true. Cheers!

Betty BellaItalia
May 17, 2017

L E
Jan 24, 2017

While the correct answer to the question is 80, GIVEN the conditions, the conditions as stated are impossible.

There is no way to draw a pentagram on a plane such that the length of AH = 5 and length of HG = 6.

It is an exact ratio. If AH = 5 then HG will always be equal to approximately 3.09.

The pentagon / star need not be regular, so the ratio need not be 3.09.

However, I agree that it's not clear if the conditions lead to a valid construction. I just set up the problem with the equation in mind.

Chung Kevin - 4 years, 4 months ago

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True, it need not be regular. But I still doubt it's possible to have an inner shape with perimeter of that size in relation to the perimeter of the entire figure, as long as the lines are all straight.

L E - 4 years, 4 months ago

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Would it be better if I made the outside perimeter 60, and the inside perimeter 20?

Chung Kevin - 4 years, 4 months ago
Colin Saxelby
Dec 12, 2016

Just add the two figures together: 50+30=80. But note this won't produce a <perfect> star since the ratios along AB should be 1 : 0.618... : 1 (Golden Ratio) not 1 : 0.6 : 1

HG = 30/5 = 6

AH = 50/10 = 5

AB = BC = CD = DE = EA = (2*5) = 6 = 16

AB + BC + CD + DE + EA = 16+16+16+16+16 = 80

Jack Higbie
Aug 27, 2016

Given the data, 80 is the correct answer. However, if HA = 6 and HA < AI then AI cannot be 5. In fact, this triangle is known as the Golden triangle. The correct length of the lateral side is 6*phi = 9.71 and the perimeter of the star is 97.082. Given that the perimeter of the hexagon is 30, the correct answer to the question is 127.082. Phi, the Golden ratio is 1.618 ... which is the solution to phi-squared - phi - 1 = 0.

No need for calculation:

AB + BC + CD + DE +EA

= (AH + HG + GB) + (BF + FJ + JC) + (CI + IH + HD) + (DG + GF + FE) + (EJ + JI + IA)

= (AH + GB + BF + JC + CI + HD + DG + FE + EJ + IA) + (HG + FJ + IH + GF + JI)

= (Perimeter of Star) + (Perimeter of Pentagon)

= (50) + (30)

= 80 \boxed{80}

Perimeter of Pentagon + Perimeter of the Star

will complete Each Segment (AB , BC ,CD , DE and EA)

The outside goes around ten sides and the pentagon has five sides; therefore:

50/10= 5

30/5=6

Each line segment passes through two of the outer lines and one of the inner line. This repeats five times since each line segment given is regular:

5(5+5+6)=x

5(16)=x

x=80

Mark Diaz
Sep 27, 2015

Each of the star's line segments is 5 long

(total perimeter is 50 and there are 10 star segments so 50/10 = 5)..

Each of the pentagon's is 6 long,

(total perimeter is 30 and there are 5 pentagon segments so 30/5 = 6)..

Since AB, BC, CD, DE and EA all contain 2 star segments and 1 pentagon segment, then

each of them is = 2(5) + 6 = 16

the sum of the five segments = 16*5 = [80]

Maria Daza
Sep 26, 2015

If the outside perimeter is 50, then each of the external sides of the triangle has a length of 5 (50/10). Then, applying the same method, each side of the pentagon has a length of 6 (30/5). Finally, each segment length is the sume of two triangle sides and the pentagon side. Thus the total is eight times that result, which is: ((5x2)+6)x5)=80

Hadia Qadir
Sep 26, 2015

50+30= 80 All the side are coming in calculation atleast once. And the perimeter is sum of sides.

Rushi Patel
Jun 13, 2015

Perimeter of a pentagon( in the centre) is 30 units. Perimeter of pentagon is the sum of all sides of pentagon, That implies that length of each side is permineter divided by number of sides, Which is 30/5 =6. Perimeter of star is 50 units. The star consists of ten sides. (Two sides per arm) Each side therefore will be 5 units. AB will be equal to HA+GH+BG that is 5+6+5 units (16 units). There are in totality 5 such long sides ( like AB,BC,CD...). 16 times 5 gives 80 units and therefore the answer.

Jia Agarwal
Jun 11, 2015

50+30= 80 All the side are coming in calculation atleast once. And the perimeter is sum of sides.

Andrés Abril
Jun 11, 2015

Inside perimeter+outside perimeter, 50+30. AB, BC, CD and DE lines cross all the points in the outside perimeter and the intern perimeter. For example, AB=AH+HG+GB, the you just have to plus the perimeters, 50+30=80. If I can not make you understand, draw the outside and the inside apart and write each perimeter value, then overlap the two drawings and you will notice you get the complete star. Have a nice math day :).

Deepali Sonpatki
Jun 11, 2015

It is basically the sum of the sides of thestar amd pentagon so 50+30= 80

Pierre Vincent
Jun 11, 2015

If perimeter of the regular pentagon is 30 units, then each side of the pentagon will be 6 units. Assuming the triangles formed at the ends of the star are isosceles, the equal sides of the triangle will be equal to 5 units as the perimeter is 50 units and there are ten line segments bordering the star. Then we can simply add the values as per given

Deepak Rai
Jun 8, 2015

Perimeter of star is 50 so length of one arm will be 5, and for hexagon it will be 6, so total length will be for ab is 5+5+6 =16, total length 16*5=80, or simply requirement is completely covering inner and outer perimeter so it will be total = 50+30= 80

Stat perimeter = 50= 10 sections of 5

Pentagon Perimeter =30= 5 sections of 6

AB=BC=CD=DE=EA= 16

16x5=80

Praveen Gupta
Jun 8, 2015

Perimeter of star + perimeter of pentagon

Animesh Jha
Jun 7, 2015

As we know that :- AH+DH+DG+GB+BF+FE+EJ+JC+CI+IA=50----------(Eqn. 1)

AS WELL AS :- HI+IJ+JF+FG+GH=30---------(Eqn 2)

ADDING 1 AND 2, WE GET,

(AH+HG+GB)+(BF+FJ+JC)+(DH+HI+IC)+(DG+GF+FE)+(AI+IJ+JE)=80

THEREFORE AB+BC+CD+DE+EA=80

Archil Patel
Jun 7, 2015

Calculate each side of star 10/2=5 Pentagon 30/5=6 AB =5+5+6=16 16*5=80

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