Consider a pendulum of length O A = L . The rod O A of mass m is a rigid body with uniform mass distribution. The hinged end O coincides with the origin of the coordinate axes. Gravity acts vertically downwards. A spring is attached between the end A of the pendulum and the fixed point in space B as indicated in the diagram. The given system is in equilibrium. Calculate the angle θ in degrees.
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The length of the stretched spring, l , is obtained from the equation l 2 = ( 2 L − L sin θ ) 2 + L 2 cos 2 θ , or l = L 5 − 4 sin θ . The force exerted on the lower end of the rod along the spring is, therefore, given by F = k L ( 5 − 4 sin θ − 5 1 ) . The angle between the rod and the spring, α , is given by sin α = 5 − 4 sin θ 2 cos θ . Balancing moments of the weight of the rod and the spring force about the top end of the rod we get 1 9 6 0 4 6 . 6 8 9 7 6 6 5 6 sin 6 θ − 4 8 7 2 5 8 . 8 9 7 2 1 6 4 sin 5 θ − 5 1 4 5 0 . 6 1 1 2 3 9 7 5 sin 4 θ + 8 7 9 4 8 5 . 3 7 2 8 sin 3 θ − 3 8 5 9 2 4 . 2 1 6 sin 2 θ − 3 9 6 8 0 0 sin θ + 2 4 6 0 1 6 = 0 . The two positive real solutions of this equation are θ = 6 8 . 3 4 0 1 ° and θ = 7 4 . 5 9 8 ° . The value satisfying the conditions of the problem is 6 8 . 3 4 0 1 °
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I have attached simulation code below. The code sweeps the angle and looks for the angle which minimizes the net torque on the rod. I have also attached a plot of torque vs angle.