Strange Inequality

Algebra Level 5

A function f : R 2 R f:\mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R} is defined as follows: f ( x , y ) = x 2 + y 2 12 x 14 y + 85 f(x, y)= \sqrt{x^2+y^2-12x-14y+85} Another function g : R 2 R g:\mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R} is defined as follows: g ( x , y ) = x 2 + y 2 10 x 16 y + 89 g(x, y)= \sqrt{x^2+y^2-10x-16y+89} As a , b , c , d a, b, c, d range over all reals (not necessarily positive) such that { f ( a , b ) g ( a , b ) f ( c , d ) g ( c , d ) 0 a + b < 13 c + d > 13 , \begin{cases} f(a,b)g(a,b)f(c,d)g(c,d) & \neq 0 \\ a+b & < 13 \\ c+d & > 13, \end{cases} let M M be the minimum value of f ( a , b ) g ( c , d ) + f ( c , d ) g ( a , b ) a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 2 a b 2 c d . \dfrac{f(a,b)g(c,d)+f(c,d)g(a,b)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2-2ab-2cd}}. Find M 2 . M^2.


The answer is 2.

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2 solutions

Jon Haussmann
Jan 5, 2015

The problem asks us to minimize f ( a , b ) f ( c , d ) + f ( c , d ) g ( a , b ) a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 2 a b 2 c d . \frac{f(a,b) f(c,d) + f(c,d) g(a,b)}{\sqrt{a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 - 2ab - 2cd}}.

Let ϵ > 0 \epsilon > 0 , and set a = 6 ϵ a = 6 - \epsilon , b = 7 ϵ b = 7 - \epsilon , c = 6 + ϵ c = 6 + \epsilon , and d = 7 + ϵ d = 7 + \epsilon . Then all the conditions in the problem are satisfied. Also, as ϵ 0 + \epsilon \to 0^+ , the numerator goes to 0 and the denominator is always 2 \sqrt{2} , so the minimum (or more precisely, infimum) of the expression is 0.

Jubayer Nirjhor
Jan 5, 2015

Outline : completing squares shows that f ( x , y ) f(x,y) is the distance between points ( x , y ) (x,y) and ( 6 , 7 ) (6,7) , and g ( x , y ) g(x,y) is the distance between points ( x , y ) (x,y) and ( 5 , 8 ) (5,8) . Plot points ( a , b ) , ( c , d ) , ( 6 , 7 ) , ( 5 , 8 ) (a,b),(c,d),(6,7),(5,8) and apply Ptolemy's inequality.

What does the denominator correspond to in your geometric interpretation?

I can se that you want it to be the distance between the points ( a , b ) (a,b) and ( c , d ) (c,d) , but then the cross terms would be 2 a c 2 b d -2ac - 2bd instead.

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 5 months ago

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