2 1 6 stones in the following way:
Fascinated by the beauty of randomness, a Kaboobly Dooist asks the craftsmen to paint a linear wall consisting ofFor each stone: Flip a coin; If the toss results heads, paint the stone white; If the toss results tails, paint the stone black.
What is the expected longest contiguous streak consisting of consecutive black stones?
If the answer is n , enter your answer as ⌊ n ⌋ .
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[This is not a solution. If you know a solution, please add it]
The following formula appears in this page
lo g ( 2 ) lo g ( 2 n ) − 2 1 + lo g ( 2 ) γ
However, the answer can be experimentally verified, anyway.
Actually, I almost solved it the following way: tossing a coin 16 times in a row for black stone has the probability ( 2 1 ) 1 6 , for each toss. There are 2 1 6 tosses. Expected value = μ p . This time, it's the expected value for the probability of tossing 16 coins in a row for black, in 2 1 6 ) tosses. Thus, ( 2 1 ) 1 6 ( 2 1 6 ) = 1 . Hence, this 'adds up.' But apparently 16 tosses is not the answer; 15 is. Why? Because if you do 15, you get 2 - which is the reciprocal of the probability of getting a black or a white. So...
probability per toss 1 = number of tosses * probability per toss expected contiguous tosses
⇒ expected contiguous tosses = − lo g probability per toss ( probability per toss * number of tosses )
⇒ expected contiguous tosses = − 1 − lo g probability per toss ( number of tosses )
Hence,
So, is this right, or is this just coincidence?
According to " The Longest Run of Heads ", Mark F. Schilling, if you flip a fair coin n times, then the expected length of the longest run is approximately lo g 2 n + lo g 2 γ − 2 3 .
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http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~ginsparg/physics/INFO295/mh.pdf This link provides a good solution.