There exists a polynomial of the form x 6 + a x + b that has the same set of real roots as the polynomial x 2 − 2 x − 1 Find ∣ a + b ∣ .
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From problem above, we can use long division
x 2 − 2 x − 1 x 6 + a x + 6 = ( x 4 + 2 x 3 + 5 x 2 + 1 2 x + 2 9 ) + x 2 − 2 x − 1 ( a + 7 0 ) x + ( b + 2 9 )
It's mean,
x 6 + a x + 6 = ( x 4 + 2 x 3 + 5 x 2 + 1 2 x + 2 9 ) ( x 2 − 2 x − 1 ) + [ ( a + 7 0 ) x + ( b + 2 9 ) ]
Since x 2 − 2 x − 1 = 0 are two real root, we must have remaind [ ( a + 7 0 ) x + ( b + 2 9 ) ] = 0 . ⟺ a + 7 0 = 0 , b + 2 9 = 0 ⟹ a = − 7 0 , b = − 2 9
∣ a + b ∣ = 9 9
x 2 − 2 x − 1 = 0 x 2 = 2 x + 1 x 3 − 2 x 2 − x = 0 x 3 − 2 ( 2 x + 1 ) − x = 0 x 3 − 5 x − 2 = 0
Repeat this process until the correct degree and form has been reached. It follows that a = − 7 0 and b = − 2 9 , so ∣ a + b ∣ = 9 9 .
Extra: Technically, we haven't shown how this answer guarantees only these two real roots. How can we show or prove that this 6th degree polynomial does in fact only have these two real roots?
Answer to Extra question: Descartes' Rule of Sign.
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Conveniently bashing works: Roots of x 2 − 2 x − 1 are 1 + − 2 . Taking ( 1 + 2 ) 6 into the sextic function works out nicely to 7 0 2 + 9 9 + a + a 2 + b = 0 . a must equal -70 to eliminate the irrational part of the equation. Then 9 9 − 7 0 + b = 0 . b must equal -29. Then, |-70 -29| = 9 9