A piece of string is 40 cm long. It is cut into three pieces. The longest piece is 3 times as long as the middle-size piece and the shortest piece is 23 cm shorter than the longest piece. Find the length of the shortest piece ( in cm).
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x + y + z = 40 and x > y > z
x = 3y then y = x/3,
z = x – 23
x + x/3 + x – 23 = 40 solving x = 27
z = 27 – 23 = 4