Subharthi's progression

Algebra Level 3

The four numbers c < d < e < f c<d<e<f are 4 consecutive terms of a geometric progression. It is given that c c and d d are the roots of x 2 3 x + a = 0 x^2-3x+a=0 , and that e e and f f are the roots of x 2 12 x + b = 0 x^2-12x+b=0 . What is the value of a + b a+b ?

This problem is posed by Subharthi C .


The answer is 34.

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6 solutions

Sebastian Puerto
Aug 25, 2013

x 2 3 x + a = ( x c ) ( x d ) = x 2 ( c + d ) x + c d x^2 - 3x + a = (x - c)(x - d) = x^2 - (c + d)x + cd x 2 12 x + b = ( x e ) ( x f ) = x 2 ( e + f ) x + e f x^2 - 12x + b = (x - e)(x - f) = x^2 - (e + f)x + ef

So we have that:

c + d = 3 c + d = 3

e + f = 12 e + f = 12

But, like c , d , e , f c, d, e, f are consecutive terms of a geometric progression, we know d = c k d = ck and f = d k f = dk , for some constant k k . Rewriting the equations:

c ( 1 + k ) = 3 c(1 + k) = 3

e ( 1 + k ) = 12 e(1 + k) = 12

So,

e 3 c = 12 e\frac{3} {c} = 12

e c = 4 \frac{e} {c} = 4

But, like e = c k 2 e = ck^2 , we can write this as:

c k 2 c = 4 \frac{ck^2} {c} = 4

So, because each term is greater that it's predecessor, we have that k is possitive and k = 2 k = 2 , that means:

c = 1 , b = 2 , e = 4 , f = 8 c = 1, b = 2, e = 4, f = 8

So a + b = c d + e f = 2 + 32 = 34 a + b = cd + ef = 2 + 32 = 34

@Timmy: The problem stipulated that the geometric sequence is strictly increasing, so the common ratio has to be greater than 2. If k = 2 k = -2 , then either c c and e e must be positive and d d and f f must be negative, or vice versa; in either case, c < d < e < f c < d < e < f could not hold.

Connor Harris - 7 years, 9 months ago

why can't k = -2 ?

Timmy Ben - 7 years, 9 months ago

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c < d < e < f c < d < e < f

Ahaan Rungta - 7 years, 8 months ago
Daniel Wang
Aug 25, 2013

Let cd be equal to a Let ef be equal to b let c be equal to z Therefore, d=zr Therefore, e=zr^2 z^2 \times r=a z^2 \times r^5=b By vieta formula, z+zr=3 zr^2+zr^3=12 Solving these two equations, we get r=positive or negative two If r is positive two, we get z=1 from vietas formula therefore, a+b=30+4=34

Phúc Nguyễn
Aug 25, 2013

Denote c c , d = n c d=nc , e = n 2 c e=n^2c , f = n 3 c f=n^3c are the terms of the geometric sequence. Applying Vieta theorem yields: c + n c = 3 c+nc=3 , n c 2 = a nc^2=a , n 2 c + n 3 c = 12 n^2c+n^3c=12 and n 5 c 2 = b n^5c^2=b . From these equation we can find n = 2 n=2 and c = 1 c=1 and therefore, a + b = 34 a+b=34 .

Moderator note:

Remember to explain how you solved a system of equations, especially if you have to reject solutions along the way. It is not immediately obvious that n = 2 n =2 and c = 1 c=1 is the only solution.

Akshaj Kadaveru
Aug 25, 2013

Let c = a c = a , d = a r d = ar , e = a r 2 e = ar^2 , and f = a r 3 f = ar^3 . From Vieta's Formulas, we have c + d = a + a r = 3 c + d = a + ar = 3 and e + f = a r 2 + a r 3 = 12 e + f = ar^2 + ar^3 = 12 . Dividing the equations gives r 2 = 4 r^2 = 4 , and since c < d < e < f c<d<e<f we have r = 2 r=2 . Substituting gives a + 2 a = 3 a + 2a = 3 or a = 1 a = 1 , so our geometric sequence is 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 1, 2, 4, 8 . Therefore, again from Vieta's, a = 1 2 = 2 a = 1 \cdot 2 = 2 and b = 4 8 = 32 b = 4 \cdot 8 = 32 , so our answer is 32 + 2 = 34 32 + 2 = \boxed{34} .

Ahaan Rungta
Oct 7, 2013

Let the common ratio be r r . We have, from Vieta's formulas, that c + c r = 3 , c c r = a , c r 2 + c r 3 = 12 , c r 2 c r 3 = b . \begin{aligned} c + cr &=& 3, \\ c \cdot cr &=& a, \\ cr^2 + cr^3 &=& 12, \\ cr^2 \cdot cr^3 &=& b. \end{aligned} Dividing the first equation from the third, we have r 2 = 4 r = ± 2 r^2 = 4 \implies r = \pm 2 .

But the progression is strictly increasing, so r = 2 c = 1 r = 2 \implies c = 1 . We have a = c 2 r = 2 a = c^2 r = 2 and b = c 2 r 5 = 32 b = c^2 r^5 = 32 , so a + b = 34 . a + b = \boxed {34}.

Kho Yen Hong
Aug 29, 2013

let c=A, then d=Ar, e=Ar^2, f=Ar^3
3=c+d=A(r+1), 12=e+f=Ar^2(r+1)
solving the equation r=2, A=1
a+b=cd+ef=(A^2)r(1+r^4)=2(17)=34
*actually r=-2 also satisfy the equation but it give u A=-3, a+b =-306



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