There are 24 ways to construct a 4-digit number from 1, 2, 3, and 4. What is the sum of all such 4-digit numbers?
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There are 24 numbers with 1, 2, 3, and 4 as digits. For each of the four digits, say the units digit d 0 , 1, 2, 3, and 4 appear the number of times. Therefore, 1 appears 6 times, 2 appears 6 times, 3 appears 6 times and 4 appears 6 times. The sum of units digits is 6 × 2 4 ( 4 + 1 ) = 6 0 .
It is the same for the tens (d_1), hundreds d 2 , and thousands d 3 units. Therefore the sum of all 24 of these numbers is 6 0 ( 1 + 1 0 + 1 0 0 + 1 0 0 0 ) = 6 0 ( 1 1 1 1 ) = 6 6 6 6 0 .