Sum-of-floor equation.

Algebra Level 3

Find the sum of all integers n , n, satisfying that 1 n 99 , 1 \leq n \leq 99, such that the equation x + 2 x + 3 x + 4 x = n \lfloor x \rfloor +\lfloor 2x \rfloor+\lfloor 3x \rfloor+\lfloor 4x \rfloor=n has no real solution.


The answer is 2070.

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1 solution

Arturo Presa
Jun 10, 2019

We form the following intervals: I 1 = [ 0 , 1 4 ) , I 2 = [ 1 4 , 1 3 ) , I 3 = [ 1 3 , 1 2 ) , I 4 = [ 1 2 , 2 3 ) , I 5 = [ 2 3 , 3 4 ) , I 6 = [ 3 4 , 1 ) I_1=[0,\frac{1}{4}),I_2=[\frac{1}{4},\frac{1}{3}),I_3=[\frac{1}{3},\frac{1}{2}),I_4=[\frac{1}{2},\frac{2}{3}), I_5=[\frac{2}{3},\frac{3}{4}), I_6=[\frac{3}{4},1) . The function f ( x ) = x + 2 x + 3 x + 4 x f(x)=\lfloor x\rfloor +\lfloor 2x\rfloor +\lfloor 3x\rfloor +\lfloor 4x\rfloor is constant on any of these intervals, and its corresponding values would be 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Besides that, it easy to see that f ( x + 1 ) = f ( x ) + 10. f(x+1)=f(x)+10. Therefore, the only natural values of n n less than or equal to 99 for which the equation has not solution are: 3, 7, 8, 9, 13,17, 18, 19, 23,27, 28, 29, 33, 37, 38,39,..., 93, 97, 98, 99. Since the sum of 3 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 27 , 3+7+8+9=27, then the sum of the previous numbers is 27 + ( 27 + 40 ) + ( 27 + 2 40 ) + ( 27 + 3 40 ) + . . . + ( 27 + 9 ( 40 ) ) = 270 + 40 ( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + 9 ) = 270 + 40 10 9 2 = 2070 27+(27+40)+(27+2*40)+(27+3*40)+ ...+ (27+9*(40))= 270 +40(1+2+3+...+9)=270+ 40*\frac{10*9}{2}=\boxed{2070}

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