Sum This!

Algebra Level 2

1 1 3 + 2 3 + 4 3 + 1 4 3 + 6 3 + 9 3 + 1 9 3 + 12 3 + 16 3 \Large{\frac1{\sqrt[3]{1}+\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}} + \frac1{\sqrt[3]{4}+\sqrt[3]{6}+\sqrt[3]{9}} + \frac1{\sqrt[3]{9}+\sqrt[3]{12}+\sqrt[3]{16}}}

If the expression above can be simplified to the form of a 3 + b {\sqrt[3] a + b} for integers a a and b b , find the value of a + b a+b .

Source: M A Θ MA\Theta 1992.


The answer is 3.

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4 solutions

Alan Yan
Aug 21, 2015

This is a classic telescoping problem. Using the difference of cubes formula:

1 n 2 3 + n ( n + 1 ) 3 + ( n + 1 ) 2 3 = n + 1 3 n 3 \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{n^2} + \sqrt[3]{n(n+1)}+\sqrt[3]{(n+1)^2} }= \sqrt[3]{n+1} - \sqrt[3]{n}

Therefore the given expression is:

1 + 2 3 2 3 + 3 3 3 3 + 4 3 = 4 3 1 -1+\sqrt[3]{2}-\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{3}-\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{4} = \sqrt[3]{4}-1 a = 4 and b = 1 a + b = 3 \implies a = 4 \text{ and } b = -1 \implies a+b = \boxed{3}

could not read the full expression ed gray

Edwin Gray - 4 years ago
Hadi Khan
Aug 24, 2015

Notice that a 3 b 3 = ( a b ) ( a 2 + a b + b 2 ) a^3-b^3 = (a-b)(a^2+ab+b^2) Now look at each of the three denominators. For the first expression put a = 2 3 , b = 1 3 a = \sqrt[3]{2} , b = \sqrt[3]{1} to and multiply both the numerators and denominators by a b a-b and then simplify to show that it is equal to 2 3 1 3 \sqrt[3]{2} - \sqrt[3]{1} . For the second expression use a = 3 3 , b = 2 3 a = \sqrt[3]{3} , b = \sqrt[3]{2} and for the third use a = 4 3 , b = 3 3 a = \sqrt[3]{4} , b = \sqrt[3]{3} to get the whole expression as equivalent to 2 3 1 3 + 3 3 2 3 + 4 3 3 3 \sqrt[3]{2} - \sqrt[3]{1} + \sqrt[3]{3} - \sqrt[3]{2} + \sqrt[3]{4} - \sqrt[3]{3} which simplifies to 4 3 1 \sqrt[3]{4} - 1 so the answer is 4 1 = 3 4-1 = 3

Pranay Kumar
Aug 24, 2015

We can write 1/(a^2+ a.b + b^2 ) as (a-b)/(a^3-b^3) ..Complete expression boils down to (4)^(1/3) - 1 so a=4,b=-1 hence a+b is 3

Kevin Zhao
Mar 5, 2019

Note that each of the denominator in this expression is a geometric series, and the first, second, third term respectively has common ration 2 3 , 3 2 3 , 4 3 3 \sqrt[3]{2}, \sqrt[3]{\frac{3}{2}}, \sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{3}} . Therefore the original expression becomes 2 3 1 1 3 ( 2 1 ) + 3 2 3 1 4 3 ( 3 2 1 ) + 4 3 3 1 9 3 ( 4 3 1 ) = 2 3 1 3 + 3 3 2 3 + 4 3 3 3 = 4 3 1. \frac{\sqrt[3]{2}-1 }{\sqrt[3]{1}\left( 2-1 \right) } + \frac{\sqrt[3]{\frac{3}{2}}-1 }{\sqrt[3]{4}\left( \frac{3}{2}-1 \right) } + \frac{\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{3}}-1 }{\sqrt[3]{9}\left( \frac{4}{3}-1 \right) } = \sqrt[3]{2}-\sqrt[3]{1}+\sqrt[3]{3}-\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}-\sqrt[3]{3} = \sqrt[3]{4}-1. So the answer is 3 \boxed{3} .

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