Sum up the powered sines

Calculus Level 4

lim n r = 1 n 2 1 r sin ( 2017 r 2 n 2 ) \large \lim_{n\to \infty} \sum_{r=1}^{n^2} \frac 1r \sin \left(\frac{2017 r^2}{n^2}\right)

If the value of the limit above is a π b \dfrac{a \pi}{b} , where a a and b b are coprime positive integers, then what is a + b ? a + b?


The answer is 5.

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1 solution

Ashish Menon
Nov 6, 2017

lim n r = 1 n 2 [ sin ( 2017 r 2 n 2 ) r ] = lim n r = 1 n 2 [ 1 n × sin ( 2017 r 2 n 2 ) r n ] = 0 sin ( 2017 x 2 ) x d x = 0 sin ( 2017 x 2 ) x 2 × x d x = 0 sin 2017 t 2 t d t Let x 2 = t, 2x dx = dt = 1 2 × π 2 0 sin m x x d x = π 2 m R { 0 } a + b = 5 \begin{aligned} \lim_{n\to \infty} \displaystyle\sum_{r=1}^{n^2} \left[ \dfrac{\sin(\frac{2017 r^2}{n^2})}{r} \right] & = \lim_{n\to \infty} \displaystyle\sum_{r=1}^{n^2} \left[ \dfrac{1}{n} × \dfrac{\sin(\frac{2017 r^2}{n^2})}{\frac{r}{n}} \right]\\ \\ & = \int_{0}^{\infty} \dfrac {\sin (2017 x^2)}{x} dx \\ \\ & = \int_{0}^{\infty} \dfrac {\sin (2017 x^2)}{x^2}× x dx\\ \\ & = \int_{0}^{\infty} \dfrac {\sin 2017 t}{2 \ t} dt & \color{#20A900}{\text {Let} \ x^2 \ \text{ = t, 2x dx = dt}}\\ \\ & = \dfrac {1}{2} × \dfrac{\pi}{2} & \color{#20A900}{\int_{0}^{\infty} \dfrac{\sin mx}{x} dx \ = \ \dfrac{\pi}{2} \ \forall \ m \in \mathbb {R} \setminus \{ 0\}}\\ \\ \therefore a \ + \ b & = \color{#3D99F6}{\boxed {5}} \end{aligned}

When I realized this trick I thought to myself, "No...... that can't be.... or can it?... oh my gosh it gives the right answer wow that was slick!"

Milly Choochoo - 3 years, 7 months ago

@Ashish Siva how did u get the value of int of sin(mx)/x from 0 to infinity

Ashutosh Sharma - 3 years, 4 months ago

the limit of integral should be 0 to 1??

Dhairy Agrawal - 3 years, 4 months ago

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No, lim n n 2 n = \lim_{n \to \infty} \dfrac{n^2}{n} = \infty .

Ashish Menon - 3 years, 4 months ago

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ohk thanks

Dhairy Agrawal - 3 years, 4 months ago

A more detailed explanation of the transition from sum to integral would be very helpful! It is also interesting what happened to 1/n during that transition...

Nik Gibson - 2 years, 10 months ago

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