Summation-1

Calculus Level 1

Evaluate

n = 1 9 n 2 n 2 10 n + 50 \sum_{n=1}^9\frac{n^{2}}{n^{2}-10n+50}


The answer is 9.

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2 solutions

Similar solution as @Alak Bhattacharya 's

S = n = 1 9 n 2 n 2 10 n + 50 By reflection k = a b f ( k ) = k = a b f ( a + b k ) = 1 2 n = 1 9 ( n 2 n 2 10 n + 50 + ( 10 n ) 2 ( 10 n ) 2 10 ( 10 n ) + 50 ) = 1 2 n = 1 9 ( n 2 n 2 10 n + 50 + n 2 20 n + 100 n 2 10 n + 50 ) = 1 2 n = 1 9 2 n 2 20 n + 100 n 2 10 n + 50 = 1 2 n = 1 9 2 = n = 1 9 1 = 9 \begin{aligned} S & = \sum_{n=1}^9 \frac {n^2}{n^2-10n+50} & \small \blue{\text{By reflection }\sum_{k=a}^b f(k) = \sum_{k=a}^b f(a+b-k)} \\ & = \frac 12 \sum_{n=1}^9 \left(\frac {n^2}{n^2-10n+50} + \frac {(10-n)^2}{(10-n)^2-10(10-n)+50}\right) \\ & = \frac 12 \sum_{n=1}^9 \left(\frac {n^2}{n^2-10n+50} + \frac {n^2-20n+100}{n^2-10n+50}\right) \\ & = \frac 12 \sum_{n=1}^9 \frac {2n^2-20n+100}{n^2-10n+50} \\ & = \frac 12 \sum_{n=1}^9 2 = \sum_{n=1}^9 1 = \boxed 9 \end{aligned}

Super, that is exactly how it is supposed to be done

Nitin Kumar - 1 year, 3 months ago

The n t h n^{th} term is t n = n 2 n 2 10 n + 50 t_n=\dfrac{n^2}{n^2-10n+50} . So, t 10 n = ( 10 n ) 2 ( 10 n ) 2 10 ( 10 n ) + 50 = ( 10 n ) 2 n 2 10 n + 50 t_{10-n}=\dfrac{(10-n)^2}{(10-n)^2-10(10-n)+50}=\dfrac{(10-n)^2}{n^2-10n+50} . Therefore t n + t 10 n = 2 t_n+t_{10-n}=2 for n 10 n n\neq 10-n or n 5 n\neq 5 and t 5 = 1 t_5=1 . Hence the required sum is 4 × 2 + 1 = 9 4\times 2+1=\boxed 9 .

Super, that is exactly how it is supposed to be done

Nitin Kumar - 1 year, 3 months ago

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