Let a n = n ( n + 2 ) 2 n and b n = 5 n + 1 8 3 n . Find the value of n = 1 ∑ ∞ b n a n
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Good observation with the telescoping series. What made you think about it?
It was just trial and error and step 3 with numbers 2, 4, 3 and 9 suggested it.
n ( n + 2 ) 5 n + 1 8 ∴ n = 1 ∑ ∞ b n a n = n 9 − n + 2 4 Partial fraction for telescoping series. = n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n n ( n + 2 ) 2 n ( 5 n + 1 8 ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 3 2 ) n ( n 9 − n + 2 4 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( a ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n − 2 n 2 n − n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n ( n + 2 ) 2 n + 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( b ) = n = 1 ∑ 2 3 n − 2 n 2 n + n = 3 ∑ ∞ 3 n − 2 n 2 n − n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n ( n + 2 ) 2 n + 2 = n = 1 ∑ 2 3 n − 2 n 2 n + n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n ( n + 2 ) 2 n + 2 − n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n ( n + 2 ) 2 n + 2 . . ( c ) = n = 1 ∑ 2 3 n − 2 n 2 n = 3 − 1 2 + 3 0 2 2 2 = 6 + 2 = 8 This is almost the same as the solution by Chew-Seong Cheong above. His conversion from 1 ∑ t o 3 ∑ I feel is better than my 3 ∑ t o 1 ∑ in the last but one lines (c). Lines (a) and (b) I have taken from him t o i m p r o v e m y s o l u t i o n . NOTE:- If the limit was finite in place of infinity say up to 2015, we would have ( n + 2 ) - n = TWO more terms to add algebraically. − n = 2 0 1 4 ∑ 2 0 1 5 3 n ( n + 2 ) 2 n + 2
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n = 1 ∑ ∞ b n a n = n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n n ( n + 2 ) 2 n ( 5 n + 1 8 ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ [ ( 3 2 ) n ( n + 2 5 + 9 ( n 1 − n + 2 1 ) ) ] = n = 1 ∑ ∞ [ ( 3 2 ) n ( n 9 − n + 2 4 ) ] = n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n − 2 n 2 n − n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n ( n + 2 ) 2 n + 2 = n = 1 ∑ ∞ 3 n − 2 n 2 n − n = 3 ∑ ∞ 3 n − 2 n 2 n = n = 1 ∑ 2 3 n − 2 n 2 n = 3 − 1 2 + 3 0 2 2 2 = 6 + 2 = 8