Summations and Infinite Series, oh my!

Algebra Level 3

( n = 1 5 n 1 6 n ) + ( 4 3 + 4 9 + 4 27 + 4 81 + . . . ) 44 (\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty \frac{5 ^ n}{16 ^ n})+\frac{(\frac{4}{3}+\frac{4}{9}+\frac{4}{27}+\frac{4}{81}+...)}{44} can be written as a b \frac{a}{b} , where a a and b b are coprime positive integers. Find the value of n = 0 4 a n + b n \sum\limits_{n=0}^4 a^n+b^n .


The answer is 36.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

3 solutions

Sandeep Rathod
Nov 23, 2014

S = 5 16 + 5 2 1 6 2 + 5 3 1 6 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . S = \frac{5}{16} + \frac{5^{2}}{16^{2}} + \frac{5^{3}}{16^{3}} ............

S 16 = 5 1 6 2 + 5 2 1 6 3 + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \frac{S}{16} = \frac{5}{16^{2}} + \frac{5^{2}}{16^{3}} + ..............

Subtracting both,

S S 16 = 5 16 + 5.4 1 6 2 + 5 2 . 4 1 6 3 + . . . . S - \frac{S}{16} = \frac{5}{16} + \frac{5.4}{16^{2}} + \frac{5^{2}.4}{16^{3}} +....

15 S 16 = 5 16 + 5.4 1 6 2 ( 1 + 5 16 + 5 2 1 6 2 + . . . . \frac{15S}{16} = \frac{5}{16} + \frac{5.4}{16^{2}}(1 + \frac{5}{16} + \frac{5^{2}}{16^{2}} + ....

S = 5 11 S = \frac{5}{11}

4 ( 1 3 + 1 3 2 + 1 3 3 . . . . . . . . 44 ) 4(\frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3^{2}} + \frac{1}{3^{3}} ........}{44})

= 1 22 = \frac{1}{22}

Adding both,

= 1 2 = \frac{1}{2}

n = 0 4 1 n + 2 n = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 0 + 2 + 2 2 + . . + 2 4 \displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{4} 1^{n} + 2^{n} = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2^{0} + 2 + 2^{2} + .. + 2^{4}

= 5 + 2 5 1 2 1 = 36 = 5 + \frac{2^{5} - 1}{2-1} = 36

The series can be simply broken using geometric progression giving same result

Abhishek Gautam - 6 years, 6 months ago

Log in to reply

That is how I did it.

Robert Haywood - 6 years, 6 months ago

Or you can represent the series like this,

( n = 1 ( 5 16 ) n ) + 1 11 ( n = 1 ( 1 3 ) n ) \displaystyle \bigg(\sum_{n=1}^\infty \bigg( \dfrac{5}{16} \bigg)^n \bigg)+ \dfrac{1}{11}\centerdot \bigg( \sum_{n=1}^\infty \bigg( \dfrac{1}{3} \bigg)^n \bigg)

Both the infinite sums of the total sequence are infinite GPs with common ratios ( r ) = 5 16 (r)=\frac{5}{16} and 1 3 \frac{1}{3} respectively, and r < 1 |r|\lt 1 in both cases. So, you can directly use the infinite GP sum formula for these type of series. The rest of the work can be done easily.

Prasun Biswas - 6 years, 6 months ago
Robert Haywood
Nov 25, 2014

So, here's my first attempt at the no-word proofs. Could anybody please rate this proof/ tell me how I can improve it?

S = 5 16 + 25 256 + 125 4096 S=\frac{5}{16}+\frac{25}{256}+\frac{125}{4096} .

16 5 S = 16 5 ( 5 16 + 25 256 + 125 4096 ) = 1 + S \frac{16}{5}S=\frac{16}{5}(\frac{5}{16}+\frac{25}{256}+\frac{125}{4096})=1+S .

S = 5 11 S=\frac{5}{11}

y = 4 3 + 4 9 + 4 27 + . . . y=\frac{4}{3}+\frac{4}{9}+\frac{4}{27}+...

3 y = 3 ( 4 3 + 4 9 + 4 27 + . . . ) = 4 + y 3y=3(\frac{4}{3}+\frac{4}{9}+\frac{4}{27}+...)=4+y

y = 2 y=2 .

2 44 = 1 22 \frac{2}{44}=\frac{1}{22} .

S + y 44 = 5 11 + 1 22 = 10 22 + 1 22 = 11 22 = 1 2 S+\frac{y}{44}=\frac{5}{11}+\frac{1}{22}=\frac{10}{22}+\frac{1}{22}=\frac{11}{22}=\frac{1}{2}

1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 4 + 1 + 8 + 1 + 16 = 36 1+1+1+2+1+4+1+8+1+16=36

You need to improve your LaTeX to write your solutions to make them more comprehensible. Here, this link may help you.

Prasun Biswas - 6 years, 6 months ago
Christian Zinck
Dec 14, 2014

Use a/1-r for the two infinite geometric series. For the first one a = 5/16 and r = 5/16. For the second one a = 1/33 and r = 1/3. Therefore, the first series is equal to 5/11 and the second series is equal to 1/22 and a/b = 1/2. By calculation the summation, the answer 26 is achieved.

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...