Summing sines

Geometry Level 4

Given that k = 1 35 sin ( 5 k ) = tan ( m n ) \displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{35} \sin(5\cdot k^\circ)= \tan \left( \dfrac mn \right) , where m m and n n are coprime positive integers satisfying m n < 90 \dfrac mn < 90 , find m + n m+n .

Clarification : The angles are measured in degrees.


The answer is 177.

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2 solutions

Oussama Boussif
Mar 10, 2015

We can convert degrees to radians: S = k = 1 35 = s i n ( 5 k ) = k = 1 35 = s i n ( k π 36 ) S=\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{35}=sin(5k)=\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{35}=sin(\frac{k\pi}{36}) And know using complex numbers we can write That: S = I m ( k = 1 35 e i π 36 ) S=Im(\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^{35}e^{i\frac{\pi}{36}})

Now using geometric sum we get: S = I m ( 1 + e i π 36 1 e i π 36 ) S=Im(\frac{1+e^{\frac{i\pi}{36}}}{1-e^{\frac{i\pi}{36}}}) After some manipulations we get(This result is left for the reader to prove): S = I m ( i t a n ( 35 π 72 ) ) S=Im(i*tan(\frac{35\pi}{72})) Now all we do is convert the above back to degrees to get ou desired result: 177 \boxed{177}

Abhishek Sharma
Mar 10, 2015

Simply multiply and divide by 2*(common difference) and you get telescoping series.

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