Sum/Product

Algebra Level 2

Define n + n^+ to be the sum of the first n n positive integers, and n ! n! the product of the first n n positive integers.

Evaluate n = 2 \displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^\infty n + n ! . \dfrac{n^+}{n!}.


The answer is 3.077.

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1 solution

Jonathan Poss
Sep 4, 2018

n + n+ can be simplified to n ( n + 1 ) 2 \frac{n(n+1)}{2} . Plugging this into the summation cancels out an n n in the numerator and denominator, leaving n = 2 \sum_{n=2}^∞ n + 1 2 ( ( n 1 ) ! ) \frac{n+1}{2((n-1)!)} . Notice that this summation is equivalent to a similar summation from n = 1 n=1 to infinity if 1 is added to n n in both the numerator and denominator. Doing this gives n = 1 \sum_{n=1}^∞ n + 2 2 ( n ! ) \frac{n+2}{2(n!)} . This summation can be split into two summations: 1 2 \frac{1}{2} n = 1 \sum_{n=1}^∞ 1 ( n 1 ) ! \frac{1}{(n-1)!} and n = 1 \sum_{n=1}^∞ 1 n ! \frac{1}{n!} . The constant e e is equal to n = 1 \sum_{n=1}^∞ 1 ( n 1 ) ! \frac{1}{(n-1)!} . Using this, the former summation is equal to e 2 \frac{e}{2} and the latter summation is equal to e 1 e-1 . Adding these together yields 3 e 2 2 \frac{3e-2}{2} , or about 3.077.

What a fantastic solution. I am in complete awe.

Andre Bourque - 2 years, 9 months ago

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Thank you!

Jonathan Poss - 2 years, 9 months ago

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