As shown in the figure, A B C D is a rectangle with side lengths of 1 and 3 . △ A B G has an area of 2 2 9 3 , △ D E F has an area of 8 3 , ∠ E D F = 3 0 ∘ and E F is perpendicular to A D .
If the area shaded green is given by b 5 a , where a and b are integers with a being square-free. Find a + b .
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Congrats on being the first to produce a solution! 🎉
My idea is that this can be shown to be part of a regular hexagon.
@Brilliant Mathematics , or who ever edited the problem for me, could you tell me what software you used to produce the diagram. Thank you.
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Hi Barry, I believed @Chew-Seong Cheong has updated the image in the problem statement.
I redid the image for you. I used Desmos for the lines and Paint to get in the labels and numbers.
Let E F = a . Then D F = a cot 3 0 ∘ = 3 a . Since the area of △ D E F is 2 a ⋅ 3 a 8 3 ⟹ a = 2 1 = E F and D E = 2 3 .
Let the intersection point of A D and C E be H and D H = x . Then F H = 2 3 − x . We note that △ E F H and △ C D H are similar. Then D H F H = C D E F ⟹ x 2 3 − x = 2 1 ⟹ x = 3 1 = 3 3 .
Draw I J parallel to B C . Since the area of △ A B G is 2 I G ⋅ 1 = 2 2 9 3 ⟹ I G = 1 1 9 3 . Then G J = I J − I G = 3 − 1 1 9 3 = 1 1 2 3 .
Now area of the green triangle is
[ D G H ] = [ C D H ] − [ C D G ] = 2 D H ⋅ C D − 2 G J ⋅ C D = 6 3 − 1 1 3 = 6 6 5 3
Therefore a + b = 3 + 6 6 = 6 9 .
@Barry Leung , you have to mention that a is square-free because 6 6 5 3 = 1 3 2 5 1 2 = 1 9 8 5 2 7 = ⋯ . Infinitely many solutions again.
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Mark the letters M and N , we find S △ A B N + S △ C D N = 2 1 S A B C D (You can see a beautiful proof about it at the bottom).
So S △ C D N = 1 × 3 − 2 2 9 3 = 1 1 3 .
And because of E F ⊥ A D , ∠ E D F = 3 0 ∘ and S △ D E F = 8 3 , so we can know E F = 2 1 , F D = 2 3 .
In addition, we can find △ E F M ∼ △ C D M , so we assume D M = x , so:
2 1 : ( 2 3 − y ) = 1 : y
y = 3 3
So S △ C D M = 3 3 × 1 × 2 1 = 6 3 .
and so
S △ D M N = 6 3 − 1 1 3 = 6 6 5 3
So a = 3 , b = 6 6 , the answer is:
3 + 6 6 = 6 9
Beautiful Proof: