Sure.. Square both sides.. v2.0

Algebra Level 4

x x satisfies the equation x + x x x = 199 100 x x + x \sqrt{x+\sqrt{x}}-\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{199}{100}\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{x}}}

Also, its value can be expressed in the form m n \frac{m}{n} , where m m and n n are coprime positive integers, find m + n m+n .


The answer is 784119601.

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3 solutions

U Z
Oct 28, 2014

let x + x = a x + \sqrt{x} = a and x x = b x - \sqrt{x} = b

thus a b = 2 x a - b = 2\sqrt{x}

( a + b ) ( a b ) = 2 x (\sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b}) = 2\sqrt{x}

a + b = 200 x + x 199 \sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b} = \dfrac{200\sqrt{x + \sqrt{x}}}{199}

a b = 199 x 100 x + x \sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b} = \dfrac{199\sqrt{x}}{100\sqrt{x + \sqrt{x}}}

thus adding both the equations

we get

2 x + x = 200 x + x 199 + 199 x 100 x + x 2\sqrt{x + \sqrt{x}} = \dfrac{200\sqrt{x + \sqrt{x}}}{199} + \dfrac{199\sqrt{x}}{100\sqrt{x + \sqrt{x}}}

thus

39800 ( x + x ) = 20000 ( x + x ) + 39601 x 39800( x + \sqrt{x}) = 20000(x + \sqrt{x}) + 39601\sqrt{x}

19800 ( x + x ) = 39601 x 19800(x + \sqrt{x}) = 39601\sqrt{x}

19800 x = 19801 x 19800x = 19801\sqrt{x}

x ( 19800 x 19801 ) = 0 \sqrt{x}(19800\sqrt{x} - 19801) = 0

as x can't be zero thus

x = 19801 19800 \sqrt{x} = \dfrac{19801}{19800}

we can easily see that denominator is just 1 lesser than numerator thus they are co - prime, thus their squares will also be co-prime.

x = 392079601 392040000 x = \dfrac{392079601}{392040000}

m + n = 784119601 m + n = 784119601

Nice solution, Megh. Just thought I'd mention that there is a typo on the first line: It should be x x = b x - \sqrt{x} = b .

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Thank you Sir

What was your method?

Can you please suggest me a book on number theory(which is enjoyable) to increase proficiency which is available on flipkart or amazon india or snapdeal @brian charlesworth @Sean Ty @Agnishom Chattopadhyay @Satvik Golechha @Michael Mendrin

U Z - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Maybe 104 Number Theory Problems. It has a nice introduction to theorems, lemmas, and corollaries, and it also has Introductory and Advanced problems.

Sean Ty - 6 years, 7 months ago

My approach was the same as that of Chew-Seong Cheong.

The number theory books I have on my shelf are not particularly enjoyable, so I'm afraid I can't be of much help regarding book recommendations. Sorry. :(

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 7 months ago

Sorry for the huge answer. The first problem became a level 2 problem (which was unexpected) so I posted one that is quite difficult to guess. Although I could've said ( m n ) 2 \left(\frac{m}{n}\right)^2 ..

By the way, you had another typo: x = 19801 19800 \sqrt{x}=\frac{19801}{19800} .

Sean Ty - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Yes sorry thank you , writing in latex is very painful

What was your method?

U Z - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Pretty much the same with yours.

Don't worry, you'll get used to it soon! Although I find it much more difficult to type using devices like the iPad.

Sean Ty - 6 years, 7 months ago

Great solution. BTW, I believe there's a typo in

x = 392040000 392079601 x=\frac { 392040000 }{ 392079601}

It should be x = 392079601 392040000 x=\frac { 392079601 }{ 392040000 }

Leonard Zuniga - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Oh yes sorry

U Z - 6 years, 7 months ago
Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 29, 2014

x + x x x = 199 100 x x + x \sqrt{x+\sqrt{x}} - \sqrt{x-\sqrt{x}} = \dfrac {199}{100} \sqrt {\dfrac {x} {x+\sqrt{x}} }

Multiply throughout by x + x : x + x x 2 x = 1.99 x \sqrt{x+\sqrt{x}}:\quad \Rightarrow x + \sqrt {x} - \sqrt {x^2 - x } = 1.99 \sqrt {x}

x 0.99 x = x 2 x \Rightarrow x - 0.99 \sqrt {x} = \sqrt {x^2 - x }

Squaring both sides: x 2 1.98 x x + 0.9801 x = x 2 x \quad \Rightarrow x^2 - 1.98x\sqrt {x} + 0.9801x = x^2 - x

1.98 x x + 0.9801 x = x \Rightarrow - 1.98x\sqrt {x} + 0.9801x = - x

Dividing by x x throughout and rearrange: x = 1.9801 1.98 \quad \Rightarrow \sqrt {x} = \dfrac {1.9801}{1.98}

x = ( 19801 19800 ) 2 = 392079601 392040000 = m n m + n = 784119601 \Rightarrow x = \left( \dfrac {19801}{19800} \right) ^2 = \dfrac {392079601} {392040000} = \dfrac {m}{n} \quad \Rightarrow m+n = \boxed {784119601}

My very first thought!! But dropped seeing decimals there!

Pranjal Jain - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Ya same here. @pranjal jain decimal made afraid!

Kundan Patil - 6 years, 5 months ago

{Reduce[-Sqrt[-Sqrt[x] + x] + Sqrt[Sqrt[x] + x] == (199 Sqrt[x/(Sqrt[x] + x)])/100, x], N[Reduce[-Sqrt[-Sqrt[x] + x] + Sqrt[Sqrt[x] + x] == (199 Sqrt[x/(Sqrt[x] + x)])/100, x]]}

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