System of equations

Algebra Level 3

Solve the following system of equations for real x , y x,y and z z :

{ x = 2 y + 3 y = 2 z + 3 z = 2 x + 3 \large \begin{cases} x = \sqrt{2y+3}\\ y = \sqrt{2z+3}\\ z = \sqrt{2x+3} \end{cases}

Enter your answer as x + y + z x + y + z .


The answer is 9.

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2 solutions

Arturo Presa
Nov 26, 2018

From the given system, we can conclude that the values of x , x, y y and z z must be all greater than or equal to zero. Without losing generality we can assume that x y z ( ) x\leq y\leq z \quad (*) Therefore, x 2 y 2 z 2 . x^2\leq y^2\leq z^2. Then 2 y + 3 2 z + 3 2 x + 3 , 2y+3\leq 2z+3 \leq 2x+3, and this implies that y z x ( ) y\leq z \leq x \quad (**) From the inequalities ( ) (*) and ( ) (**) , it is easy to see that x = z . x=z. The latter equation together with ( ) (*) , implies that x = y = z . x=y= z. So any solution of the given system must be formed by a triple of the form ( t , t , t ) . (t, t,t). To find t t we should solve the equation t = 2 t + 3 , t=\sqrt{2t+3}, whose only solution is t = 3. t=3. Therefore the only possible solution of the given system is ( 3 , 3 , 3 ) . (3, 3, 3). Then the answer for this question is 3 + 3 + 3 = 9 . 3+3+3=\boxed{9}.

Vedant Saini
Dec 23, 2018

As the system of equations is symmetrical and complex square root expressions are involved, I assumed that x = y = z x = y = z .

Solving it we get the quadratic x 2 2 x 3 = 0 x^2 - 2x -3 = 0 which on solving yields x = 1 x = -1 or 3 3 .

Note that x , y x, y and z z are real so x = y = z = 1 x=y=z=-1 is not a solution.

Thus the answer is x = y = z = 3 x = y = z = 3 .

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