What is the arithmetic mean of all the positive integers less than , that are coprime to ?
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If a positive integer n is coprime to 7 2 0 , then 7 2 0 − n is another positive integer that is coprime to 7 2 0 . This pairs up the integers that are coprime to 7 2 0 . (Note that 3 6 0 is not coprime to 7 2 0 .) The arithmetic mean of any such pair is 2 n + ( 7 2 0 − n ) = 3 6 0 , hence the arithmetic mean of all the numbers coprime to 7 2 0 is 3 6 0 .
Note: There is no need to sum up all of the positive integers that are coprime to 7 2 0 .