Tedious permutation

Find the number of permutations of { 1 , 2 , 3 , , 9 } \{1,2,3,\ldots,9\} such that 1 comes before 2, 3 comes before 4, and 5 comes before 6.


The answer is 45360.

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2 solutions

There are 9 ! 9! possible permutations of { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 } \{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9\} :

  1. There are 9 ! 2 ! \frac{9!}{2!} possible permutations with 1 coming before 2.

2.- There are 9 ! 2 ! 2 ! \frac{9!}{2!\cdot2!} possible permutations with 1 coming before 2, and 3 coming before 4. And finally,

3.- There are 9 ! 2 ! 2 ! 2 ! = 45360 \frac{9!}{2!\cdot2!\cdot2!} = 45360 possible permutations with 1 coming before 2, 3 coming before 4 and 5 coming before 6

Can't we solve this problem by taking multiple cases?

Mayank Jha - 4 years, 9 months ago

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Yes, of course, but I think this way is easy to understand...

Guillermo Templado - 4 years, 9 months ago
Solomon Olayta
Sep 19, 2016

First we select 6 positions out of the 9 positions for the digits 1,2,3,4,5 and 6. This can be done in ( 9 6 ) \binom{9}{6} ways. For each position, there are ( 6 2 ) \binom{6}{2} ways for the 1 comes before 2, there are ( 4 2 ) \binom{4}{2} ways for the 3 comes before 4 and ( 2 2 ) \binom{2}{2} ways for the 5 comes before 6.We can arrange the remaining digits (7,8 and 9) in 3! ways. Thus, there are ( 9 6 ) \binom{9}{6} * ( 6 2 ) \binom{6}{2} * ( 4 2 ) \binom{4}{2} * ( 2 2 ) \binom{2}{2} * 3! =45360 such permutations.

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