Telescopic summation

Algebra Level 3

1 3 2 + 1 + 1 4 2 + 2 + 1 5 2 + 3 + 1 6 2 + 4 + \large \frac{1}{3^2+1} +\frac{1}{4^2 +2}+ \frac{1}{5^2+3}\ + \frac{1}{6^2+4}\ + \cdots

The series above can be expressed as m n \dfrac mn , where m m and n n are coprime positive integers.

Find m + n m+n .


The answer is 49.

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Nov 13, 2016

S = 1 3 2 + 1 + 1 4 2 + 2 + 1 5 2 + 3 + 1 6 2 + 4 + . . . = k = 1 1 ( k + 2 ) 2 + k = k = 1 1 k 2 + 4 k + 4 + k = k = 1 1 k 2 + 5 k + 4 = 1 3 k = 1 ( 1 k + 1 1 k + 4 ) = 1 3 ( 1 2 + 1 3 + 1 4 ) = 13 36 \begin{aligned} S & = \frac 1{3^2+1} + \frac 1{4^2+2} + \frac 1{5^2+3} + \frac 1{6^2+4} + ... \\ & = \sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac 1{(k+2)^2+k} \\ & = \sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac 1{k^2+4k+4+k} \\ & = \sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac 1{k^2+5k+4} \\ & = \frac 13 \sum_{k=1}^\infty \left(\frac 1{k+1} - \frac 1{k+4} \right) \\ & = \frac 13 \left(\frac 12 + \frac 13 + \frac 14 \right) \\ & = \frac {13}{36} \end{aligned}

m + n = 13 + 36 = 49 \implies m + n = 13+36 = \boxed{49}

Did it the same way, thumbs up +1

Jason Chrysoprase - 4 years, 7 months ago
Viki Zeta
Nov 12, 2016

n = 1 1 ( n + 2 ) 2 + n = n = 1 1 n 2 + 4 n + 4 + n = n = 1 1 ( n + 1 ) ( n + 4 ) n = 1 3 + n n 3 ( n + 1 ) ( n + 4 ) = 1 3 n = 1 ( n + 1 ) ( n + 4 ) 2 ( n + 1 ) ( n + 4 ) = 1 3 n = 1 ( 1 n + 4 1 n + 1 ) = 1 3 ( 1 5 + 1 6 + 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 ) = 1 3 ( 1 2 1 3 1 4 ) = 1 4 ( 13 12 ) = 13 36 m + n = 49 \sum_{n=1}^\infty \dfrac{1}{(n+2)^2 + n} = \sum_{n=1}^\infty \dfrac{1}{n^2 + 4n + 4 + n} = \sum_{n=1}^\infty \dfrac{1}{(n+1)(n+4)} \\ \sum_{n=1}^\infty \dfrac{-3 + n - n}{-3(n+1)(n+4)} = \dfrac{1}{-3}\sum_{n=1}^\infty \dfrac{(n+1) - (n+4)}{-2(n+1)(n+4)} \\ = \dfrac{1}{-3} \sum_{n=1}^\infty (\color{#D61F06}{\dfrac{1}{n+4}} - \color{#3D99F6}{\dfrac{1}{n+1})} \\ = \dfrac{1}{-3} (\color{#D61F06}{\dfrac{1}{5} + \dfrac{1}{6} + \ldots} - \color{#3D99F6}{\dfrac{1}{2} - \dfrac{1}{3} - \dfrac{1}{4} - \dfrac{1}{5} - \dfrac{1}{6} - \ldots}) \\ = \dfrac{1}{-3}(\dfrac{1}{2} - \dfrac{1}{3} - \dfrac{1}{4}) \\ = \dfrac{1}{4} (\dfrac{13}{12}) = \dfrac{13}{36} \\ \boxed{\therefore m + n = 49}

oh good! and you nicely have written the solution.. I too am trying to write more in latex, cos I have not that much excellence in LATEX ;p

Rakshit Joshi - 4 years, 7 months ago

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Use this then : latex4technics.com

There are many websites which give you a user friendly latex-code.

Viki Zeta - 4 years, 7 months ago

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Good find!

Using WYSIWYG is a good way of gaining familiarity with Latex :)

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 7 months ago

Note: Be very careful with expanding out a summation and reordering terms. The way that you reordered it, you ended up with \infty - \infty which is undefined.

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 7 months ago

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lol yeah. sorry.

Viki Zeta - 4 years, 7 months ago

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