Term × \times Term = = Term?

Algebra Level 2

In the sequence { a n } : 2 , 5 , 10 , 17 , 26 , 37 , \left\{a_n\right\}:2,5,10,17,26,37,\cdots , the product of the 97th term and 98th term is the n n th term. Find n n .


The answer is 9507.

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2 solutions

We note that a m = m 2 + 1 a_m = m^2 + 1 , where m m is a positive integer. Let k = 97 k=97 ; then:

n 2 + 1 = ( k 2 + 1 ) ( ( k + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) = k 2 ( k + 1 ) 2 + k 2 + ( k + 1 ) 2 + 1 n 2 = k 2 ( k + 1 ) 2 + k 2 + ( k + 1 ) 2 = k 4 + 2 k 3 + 3 k 2 + 2 k + 1 = ( k 2 + k + 1 ) 2 n = k 2 + k + 1 = 9 7 2 + 97 + 1 = 9507 \begin{aligned} n^2 + 1 & = \left(k^2 +1 \right) \left((k+1)^2 + 1 \right) \\ & = k^2(k+1)^2 + k^2 + (k+1)^2 + 1 \\ \implies n^2 & = k^2(k+1)^2 + k^2 + (k+1)^2 \\ & = k^4 + 2k^3 + 3k^2 + 2k + 1 \\ & = (k^2+k+1)^2 \\ \implies n & = k^2 + k + 1 = 97^2 + 97 + 1 = \boxed{9507} \end{aligned}

Patrick Corn
Dec 5, 2019

Clearly a n = n 2 + 1 , a_n = n^2+1, and ( n 2 + 1 ) ( ( n + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) = n 4 + 2 n 3 + 3 n 2 + 2 n + 2 = ( n 2 + n + 1 ) 2 + 1 , (n^2+1)((n+1)^2+1) = n^4+2n^3+3n^2+2n+2 = (n^2+n+1)^2+1, so a n a n + 1 = a n 2 + n + 1 . a_n a_{n+1} = a_{n^2+n+1}.

Plugging in n = 97 n=97 gives n 2 + n + 1 = 9507 . n^2+n+1 = \fbox{9507}.

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