Tessellate S.T.E.M.S. (2019) - Mathematics - Category A (School) - Set 4 - Objective Problem 2

Given a positive integer n n , a sequence of n n (not necessarily distinct) positive integers is called "full" if it satisfies the property that: for each positive integer k 2 k \geq 2 if the number k k appears in the sequence then so does k 1 k - 1 such that the first occurrence of k 1 k -1 comes before the last occurrence of k k . For each n N n \in \mathbb{N} how many full sequences are there?

( n + 1 ) ! (n+1)! n ! n! ( n 1 ) ! (n-1)! n . n ! n.n!

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1 solution

Patrick Corn
Feb 6, 2019

Here is a nice reference with an explicit description of a fairly straightforward bijection between full sequences and permutations of { 1 , , n } . \{1, \ldots, n\}. (Showing that it is a bijection is not completely trivial.)

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