Mio has a big test today and she is in a hurry. For the test, she must bring at least two pencils and at least one eraser.
In her work drawer, she has pencils and erasers. Each pencil / eraser is unique. On how many ways can Mio get ready for the test?
Hints: Mio does not have to bring exactly two pencils and one eraser.
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Solution:
For each object Mio has a choice to bring it or not to bring it (2 possibilities). So she can pick pencils on 2 7 = 1 2 8 different ways and erasers on 2 4 = 1 6 ways.
With pencils, we have 8 cases that are not satisfactory, when she doesn't pick any pencil and when she picks only one pencil. With erasers, similarly, a case where no eraser is picked is unsatisfying, that is one.
Therefore, ( 1 2 8 − 8 ) × ( 1 6 − 1 ) = 1 8 0 0