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Geometry Level 5

The lateral area of the truncated right pyramid shown above is 63 82 63\sqrt{82} . The upper base is a regular heptagon with edge length of x x . The lower base is a regular heptagon with edge length of x + 2 x+2 . If the perpendicular distance between the bases is 9 9 , find the sum of the base areas rounded to the nearest integer.


The answer is 573.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Oct 26, 2017

Extend the seven slant edges to meet at the vertex V V of the non-truncated pyramid. Let h h be the distance from the midpoint of an x + 2 x+2 side to that vertex. Then the height of each trapezium forming the sides is 2 h x + 2 \tfrac{2h}{x+2} , and so the lateral area is L = 7 × 1 2 ( x + x + 2 ) × 2 h x + 2 = 14 ( x + 1 ) h x + 2 L \; = \; 7 \times \tfrac12(x + x+2) \times \frac{2h}{x+2} \; = \; \frac{14(x+1)h}{x+2} If d ( x ) d(x) is the distance from the midpoint of a heptagon of side x x to the centre, then d ( x ) = 1 2 x cot π 7 d(x) = \tfrac12x \cot\tfrac{\pi}{7} , and the vertical height of the vertex V V above the base is H = h 2 d ( x + 2 ) 2 = x + 2 14 ( x + 1 ) L 2 49 ( x + 1 ) 2 cot 2 π 7 H \; = \; \sqrt{h^2 - d(x+2)^2} \; = \; \frac{x+2}{14(x+1)}\sqrt{L^2 - 49(x+1)^2\cot^2\tfrac{\pi}{7}} so the vertical height of the frustrum of the pyramid is K = 2 x + 2 H = 1 7 ( x + 1 ) L 2 49 ( x + 1 ) 2 cot 2 π 7 K \; = \; \tfrac{2}{x+2}H \;= \; \frac{1}{7(x+1)}\sqrt{L^2 - 49(x+1)^2\cot^2\tfrac{\pi}{7}} and hence ( x + 1 ) 2 = L 2 49 ( K 2 + cot 2 π 7 ) (x+1)^2 \; = \; \frac{L^2}{49(K^2 + \cot^2\frac{\pi}{7})} The sum of the areas of the two heptagons is 7 [ 1 2 x d ( x ) + 1 2 ( x + 2 ) d ( x + 2 ) ] = 7 4 ( x 2 + ( x + 2 ) 2 ) cot π 7 = 7 2 ( ( x + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) cot π 7 = 7 2 tan π 7 [ L 2 49 ( K 2 + cot 2 π 7 ) + 1 ] 7 \big[\tfrac12 x d(x) + \tfrac12(x+2)d(x+2)\big] \; = \; \tfrac74(x^2 + (x+2)^2)\cot\tfrac{\pi}{7} \; = \; \tfrac72((x+1)^2 + 1)\cot\tfrac{\pi}{7} \; = \; \frac{7}{2\tan\frac{\pi}{7}}\left[ \frac{L^2}{49(K^2 + \cot^2\frac{\pi}{7})} + 1\right] With K = 9 K = 9 and L = 63 82 L = 63\sqrt{82} , we obtain 573.1076 573.1076 as the sum of the heptagonal areas, which makes the answer 573 \boxed{573} .

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