The number of pairs in is even. and are
True or false :
is divisible by .
Clarification : The subscript means number base . The line above the number means that are digits of the number. .
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Note that powers of n are cyclical m o d n 2 + 1 :
( n ≡ n ) m o d n 2 + 1
( n 2 ≡ − 1 ) m o d n 2 + 1
( n 3 ≡ − n ) m o d n 2 + 1
( n 4 ≡ n ) m o d n 2 + 1
Therefore, under m o d n 2 + 1 , we can divide the numbers into groups of 4 powers of n . Rewriting the number:
b + n a + n 2 b + n 3 a + n 4 b + . . . + n 2 c − 1 b + n 2 c a
Looking at only the first group of 4 powers of n , and taking m o d n 2 + 1 :
b + n a + n 2 b + n 3 a m o d n 2 + 1
Using the equivalencies outlined in the beginning:
b + n a − b − n a m o d n 2 + 1
0 m o d n 2 + 1
Each group of 4 powers of n will therefore cancel itself out under m o d n 2 + 1 . Since there are an even amount of a b groups, the number of digits will be a multiple of 4 . This means that the number will be divided into groups of 4 powers of n , without anything left over. Since these groups are all 0 m o d n 2 + 1 , the number will be 0 m o d n 2 + 1 . The number is divisible: T r u e .