That's a lot of digits

J = a b a b a b a b a b . . . . a b n J = \overline {{ababababab....ab}}_n

The number of a b ab pairs in J J is even. a a and b b are < n < n

True or false :

\quad J J is divisible by n 2 + 1 n^2+1 .

Clarification : The subscript means number base n n . The line above the number means that a , b a, b are digits of the number. a , b < n a, b < n .


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1 solution

Alex G
May 3, 2016

Note that powers of n n are cyclical m o d n 2 + 1 \mod n^2+1 :

( n n ) m o d n 2 + 1 (n \equiv n) \mod {n^2+1}

( n 2 1 ) m o d n 2 + 1 (n^2 \equiv -1) \mod {n^2+1}

( n 3 n ) m o d n 2 + 1 (n^3 \equiv -n) \mod {n^2+1}

( n 4 n ) m o d n 2 + 1 (n^4 \equiv n) \mod {n^2+1}

Therefore, under m o d n 2 + 1 \mod n^2+1 , we can divide the numbers into groups of 4 4 powers of n n . Rewriting the number:

b + n a + n 2 b + n 3 a + n 4 b + . . . + n 2 c 1 b + n 2 c a b +na+n^2b+n^3a+n^4b+...+n^{2c-1}b+n^{2c}a

Looking at only the first group of 4 4 powers of n n , and taking m o d n 2 + 1 \mod n^2+1 :

b + n a + n 2 b + n 3 a m o d n 2 + 1 b +na+n^2b+n^3a \mod n^2+1

Using the equivalencies outlined in the beginning:

b + n a b n a m o d n 2 + 1 b +na-b-na \mod n^2+1

0 m o d n 2 + 1 0 \mod n^2+1

Each group of 4 4 powers of n n will therefore cancel itself out under m o d n 2 + 1 \mod n^2+1 . Since there are an even amount of a b ab groups, the number of digits will be a multiple of 4 4 . This means that the number will be divided into groups of 4 4 powers of n n , without anything left over. Since these groups are all 0 m o d n 2 + 1 0 \mod n^2+1 , the number will be 0 m o d n 2 + 1 0 \mod n^2+1 . The number is divisible: T r u e \boxed{True} .

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