The Red Conducting Carpet.

A red carpet surprisingly found conducting has resistance m m and total mass M M and when rolled completely has radius R . R. With a gentle negligible push it starts rolling on the ground with a velocity of v v and radius r . r. There exists a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the base of the carpet the whole time. Let the whole motion stop after a time T . T. The rms value of v r vr during this time interval from t = 0 t=0 to t = T t=T is n . n. The centre is connected to the other end by a long wire of negligible resistance. Neglect any strain in the carpet. Then what is the value of [ ( n 2 ) / 4 ] ? [(n^2)/4]?

Details and Assumptions

  • T = 10 sec T=10\text{ sec}
  • R = 5 m R=5\text{ m}
  • M = 2 kg M=2\text{ kg}
  • m = 30 Ω m=30\ \Omega
  • g = 9.8 m/s 2 g=9.8\text{ m/s}^{2}
  • B = π T B=\pi\text{ T}
  • [.] denotes the greatest integer function


The answer is 29.

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2 solutions

Jatin Yadav
Feb 27, 2014

Consider the line connecting the center of the rolled carpet and the bottom of the rolled carpet. Consider a point at a distance x x below the center. Let velocity of center of mass be v v and angular velocity ω = v r \omega = \frac{v}{r}

The velocity of this point is : v ω x v - \omega x

= v 0 v x r v_0 - \frac{v x}{r}

Now the emf produced(V) would be 0 r B ( v v x r ) d x \displaystyle \int_{0}^{r} B (v - \frac{v x}{r}) dx

= B v r 2 \frac{B v r}{2} .

Using conservation of energy, loss in gravitational potential energy equals heat dissipation ,

M g R = 0 T V 2 m d t \Rightarrow MgR = \displaystyle \int_{0}^{T} \frac{V^2}{m} dt

M g R = 0 T B 2 4 m ( v r ) 2 d t \Rightarrow MgR = \displaystyle \int_{0}^{T} \frac{B^2 }{4m} (vr)^2 dt

0 T ( v r ) 2 d t = 4 M m g R B 2 \Rightarrow \displaystyle \int_{0}^{T} (vr)^2 dt = \frac{4MmgR}{B^2}

Hence, required rms value = n = 4 M m g R B 2 T n = \frac{\frac{4MmgR}{B^2}}{T}

Hence, n 4 = 29 \boxed{\lfloor \frac{n}{4} \rfloor = 29}

Ah! I just realized that the answer is incorrect, as I didn't find root , hence, the correct answer would be M m g R / T 2 B = 2 \displaystyle \lfloor \frac{\sqrt{MmgR/T}}{2B} \rfloor = 2

jatin yadav - 7 years, 3 months ago

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Thanks for pointing out i just made a correction

Milun Moghe - 7 years, 3 months ago

Well good solution , while preparing the problem , i thought flux calculation would create a good problem . but i didn't notice that we could do it directly. I had thought the presence of some small gaps between every roll in between would cause a problem.

Milun Moghe - 7 years, 3 months ago

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But there is no radial component of electric field , that is why even if there might be small gaps the no potential difference radially

Milun Moghe - 7 years, 3 months ago

Another method for finding induced emf could have been treating lowermost point as fixed and applying ϵ = B ω r 2 2 = B v r 2 \epsilon = \frac{B \omega r^2}{2} = \frac{Bvr}{2}

jatin yadav - 7 years, 3 months ago
Milun Moghe
Feb 26, 2014

let at some time t the velocity of the center of mass of the rolling part be v and radius be r. let there be p turns in the carpet per unit length.Let the current be then be I Let the total number of turns be n

ϕ = B . A = B π r 2 d N = 0 r B π r 2 p d r = π B p r 3 3 \phi=B.A=\int B\pi r^{2}dN=\int_{0}^{r}B\pi r^{2}pdr=\frac{\pi Bpr^{3}}{3}

d ϕ d t = π p B r 2 d r d t = m I \frac{d\phi}{dt}=\pi pBr^{2}\frac{dr}{dt}=mI

We know that the mass is constant

let the mass per unit length of carpet be ρ \rho

ρ x + ρ 0 r 2 π r p d r = k \rho x+\rho\int_{0}^{r}2\pi rpdr=k

v = d x d t v=\frac{dx}{dt}

v 2 π r p = d r d t -\frac{v}{2\pi rp}=\frac{dr}{dt}

i = B v r 2 m i=-\frac{Bvr}{2m}

finally all the carpet is rolled out and velocity finally is 0 after t=Ts

applying energy conservation.

M g R = 0 t I 2 m d t = 0 t ( B 2 v 2 r 2 2 m ) 2 m d t MgR=\int_{0}^{t}I^{2}mdt=\int_{0}^{t}(\frac{-B^{2}v^{2}r^{2}}{2m})^{2}mdt

[ 0 t v 2 r 2 d t 4 0 t d t ] = [ M m g R B 2 T ] = 29 [\frac{\int_{0}^{t}v^{2}r^{2}dt}{4\int_{0}^{t}dt}]=[\frac{MmgR}{B^{2}T}]=29

Awesome problem!

Karthik Kannan - 7 years, 3 months ago

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