The repeating sequence

Algebra Level 3

Let { x k } k = 1 n { \left\{ { x }_{ k } \right\} }_{ k=1 }^{ n } be a sequence whose terms come from { 2 , 3 , 6 } \left\{ 2, 3, 6 \right\} . If x 1 + x 2 + + x n = 633 x_1+x_2+⋯+x_n=633 and 1 x 1 2 + 1 x 2 2 + + 1 x n 2 = 2017 36 \frac{1}{x_1^2}+\frac{1}{x_2^2}+⋯+\frac{1}{x_n^2}=\frac{2017}{36} , find the value of n n .


The answer is 262.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
May 21, 2019

Suppose the sequence contains a a copies of 2 2 , b b copies of 3 3 and c c copies of 6 6 . Then we want to solve 2 a + 3 b + 6 c = 633 9 a + 4 b + c = 2017 2a + 3b + 6c \; = \; 633 \hspace{2cm} 9a + 4b + c \; = \; 2017 for nonnegative integers a , b , c a,b,c . Eliminating b b from these equations gives 19 a 21 c = 3519 = 3519 ( 10 × 19 9 × 21 ) 19 ( a 35190 ) = 21 ( c 31671 ) \begin{aligned} 19a - 21c & = \; 3519 \; = \; 3519(10 \times 19 - 9 \times 21) \\ 19(a - 35190) & = \; 21(c - 31671) \end{aligned} and hence a = 35190 21 u a \,=\, 35190 - 21u , c = 31671 19 u c = 31671 - 19u for some integer u u . This tells us that b = 52 u 86591 b = 52u - 86591 . Since a , b , c a,b,c all need to be nonnegative, we deduce that u 1675 u \le 1675 , u 1666 u \ge 1666 and u 1666 u \le 1666 respectively, and hence u = 1666 u = 1666 .

Thus a = 204 a = 204 , b = 41 b = 41 and c = 17 c = 17 , so that n = a + b + c = 262 n = a + b + c = \boxed{262} .

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