The same as F A C \angle FAC ?

Geometry Level 3

In A B C \triangle ABC , D D , E E , F F are three points on B C BC .We know that B A C = 10 0 \angle BAC=100^\circ , C A F = 2 0 \angle CAF=20^\circ , A B = A C {AB}={AC} , B D F C = D E E F \frac{BD}{FC}=\frac{DE}{EF} , D A F = B A D + C A F \angle DAF=\angle BAD+\angle CAF ,What’s the measurement of D A E \angle DAE in degrees?


The answer is 30.

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3 solutions

David Vreken
Aug 21, 2018

By angle addition, B A C = B A D + D A F + C A F \angle BAC = \angle BAD + \angle DAF + \angle CAF , and since we are given that B A C = 100 ° \angle BAC = 100° and C A F = 20 ° \angle CAF = 20° , B A D + D A F = 80 ° \angle BAD + \angle DAF = 80° . We are also given that D A F = B A D + C A F \angle DAF = \angle BAD + \angle CAF , so D A F = B A D + 20 ° \angle DAF = \angle BAD + 20° . Solving these two formulas gives D A F = 50 ° a n d B A D = 30 ° \angle DAF = 50° and \angle BAD = 30° .

Since A B = A C AB = AC and D A F = B A D + C A F \angle DAF = \angle BAD + \angle CAF , we can make a folds on segment A D AD and A F AF such that B B' and C C' meet at the same point G G , as shown below.

Let H H be the intersection of D F DF and A G AG . Since A C F = A B D \angle ACF = \angle ABD (from isosceles A B C \triangle ABC ), A G F = D G A \angle AGF = \angle DGA , and by triangle ratios D G F G = D H H F \frac{DG}{FG}=\frac{DH}{HF} . Since G D = B D GD = BD and F G = F C FG = FC by reflection, B D F C = D H H F \frac{BD}{FC}=\frac{DH}{HF} . Since we are given that B D F C = D E E F \frac{BD}{FC}=\frac{DE}{EF} , E E is the same point as H H .

Therefore, since D A E = B A D \angle DAE = \angle BAD by reflection, D A E = B A D = 30 ° \angle DAE = \angle BAD = \boxed{30°} .

Jeremy Galvagni
Aug 19, 2018

Call B A D = θ \angle BAD=\theta so D A F = θ + 2 0 \angle DAF=\theta + 20^{\circ} . Also because A B C \triangle ABC is isoscles, A B C = A C B = 4 0 \angle ABC = \angle ACB = 40^{\circ}

Then we can find exterior angles A D E = 4 0 + θ \angle ADE= 40^{\circ}+\theta and A F E = 6 0 \angle AFE = 60^{\circ} , so in D A F \triangle DAF , D A F = 8 0 θ \angle DAF = 80^{\circ}-\theta .

Equating the two formulas for D A F \angle DAF gives θ = 3 0 \theta=30^{\circ} and also D A F = 5 0 \angle DAF= 50^{\circ} . A few other angles can also be easily derived from angles of a triangle sum to 18 0 180^{\circ} , but not the one we want.

Apply the law of sines on B A D \triangle BAD and C A F \triangle CAF which have an equal side and can be combined. Calling B D F C = D E E F = a \frac{BD}{FC}=\frac{DE}{EF}=a allows us to solve for a a .

a = sin 3 0 sin 12 0 sin 2 0 sin 11 0 a=\frac{\sin{30^{\circ}}\sin{120^{\circ}}}{\sin{20^{\circ}}\sin{110^{\circ}}}

Call D A E = α \angle DAE=\alpha so A E F = ( 5 0 α ) \angle AEF=(50^{\circ}-\alpha) then apply the law of sines on these two triangles which have a side in common. Combine as before but this time rewrite the result as

sin α sin ( 5 0 α ) = a sin 7 0 sin 6 0 \frac{\sin{\alpha}}{\sin{(50^{\circ}-\alpha)}}=\frac{a \sin{70^{\circ}}}{\sin{60^{\circ}}}

Finally, substitute a a into this and reduce, since sin 7 0 = sin 11 0 \sin{70^{\circ}}=\sin{110^{\circ}} and sin 12 0 = sin 6 0 \sin{120^{\circ}}=\sin{60^{\circ}} and you're left with

sin α sin ( 5 0 α ) = sin 3 0 sin 2 0 \frac{\sin{\alpha}}{\sin{(50^{\circ}-\alpha)}}=\frac{\sin{30^{\circ}}}{\sin{20^{\circ}}}

So, by inspection α = D A E = 30 \alpha=\angle DAE = \boxed{30}^{\circ}

In the first line I think you meant A B C = A C B = 40 ° \angle ABC = \angle ACB = 40°

David Vreken - 2 years, 9 months ago
Edwin Gray
Aug 28, 2018

Given < BAC = 100, AB = AC implies that <ACF = < ABD = 40. Since <CAF = 20, < AFC = 120, < AFE = 60. Let x = <BAD. Then <DAF = x + 20.In triangle DAF, < ADF = 100 - x, and < BDA = 80 + x. Then in triangle ABD, 180 = x + 40 + 80 + x, or 180 = 2x + 120, and x = 30.Then <DAF = 100 - 30 - 20 = 50 = x + 20, so <DAE = 30. Ed Gray

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