The sixth product

Algebra Level 4

Suppose a , b , c a, b, c and d d are positive numbers. There are 6 possible products obtained by pairing them (namely a b , a c , a d , b c , b d ab, ac, ad, bc, bd , and c d cd ). The values of 5 products (in random order) are 2, 3, 5, 6, 9. Which integer is closest to the sixth product?

7 10 8 4 11

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2 solutions

Chan Lye Lee
May 25, 2020

The six products are a b , a c , a d , b c , b d ab, ac, ad, bc, bd and c d cd . By pairing a b ab and c d cd , the product is a b c d abcd . Likewise for pairing a c ac and b d bd as well as a d ad and b c bc . From the 5 products 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 9 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 , we have 2 × 9 = 3 × 6 = 18 2 \times 9 =3\times 6 =18 . This suggests that the sixth product is 18 5 = 3.6 \frac{18}{5}=3.6 . So, the integer closest to 3.6 3.6 is 4 \large \textcolor{#D61F06} 4 .

Interestingly, there are more than one possible values for ( a , b , c , d ) (a,b,c,d) . For example: ( a , b , c , d ) = ( 5 3 , 12 5 , 3 2 12 5 , 3 5 3 ) , ( 6 5 , 10 3 , 3 2 10 3 , 3 6 5 ) (a, b, c, d) = \left( \sqrt{\frac{5}{3}} , \sqrt{\frac{12}{5}}, \frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{12}{5}}, 3\sqrt{\frac{5}{3} } \right) , \left( \sqrt{\frac{6}{5}} , \sqrt{\frac{10}{3}}, \frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{10}{3}}, 3\sqrt{\frac{6}{5} } \right) .

Sir how about using am greater than gm. As all quantities are positive and average of given quantities is 5. Therefore 25+cd/6>={abcd}^0.5 To calculate for cd we assume value of ab and solve the inequality.

Akashdeep Randhawa - 6 months, 2 weeks ago
Alapan Das
Jun 2, 2020

As all the numbers are equivalent, let the unknown pair is c d cd .

Now, a d a c = b d b c \frac{ad}{ac}=\frac{bd}{bc} .

There is one such combination ( ( 6 , 2 ) ; ( 3 , 3 ) (6,2);(3,3) ).

So, take a d = 6 , a c = 2 , b d = 9 , b c = 3 ad=6, ac=2, bd=9, bc=3 . This doesn't affect the generality.

Similarly, a b b c = 5 3 = a d c d c d = 6 3 5 = 18 5 \frac{ab}{bc}=\frac{5}{3}=\frac{ad}{cd} \rightarrow cd=\frac{6}{\frac{3}{5}}=\frac{18}{5} .

So, the nearest integer to this is 4 4 .

@Alapan Das I think there is a typo: ( 6 , 2 ) ; ( 9 , 3 ) (6,2); (\textcolor{#D61F06}9,3) .

Chan Lye Lee - 1 year ago

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