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Geometry Level 2

This is a question from the UKMT Maclaurin Olympiad, in which the solution is pretty straightforward as well! There are 2 (or more) ways of approaching this problem, but you could only rely on basic geometry!

Put your answer as a decimal, for example 0.4, 0.025 etc

Link to UKMT webiste


The answer is 0.5.

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3 solutions

Let S P T = T P U = θ \angle SPT = \angle TPU = \theta . Then U P Q = 9 0 2 θ \angle UPQ = 90^\circ - 2\theta , and

U R = R Q P Q tan U P Q = 2 2 tan ( 9 0 2 θ ) = 2 2 cot ( 2 θ ) = 2 2 × 1 tan 2 θ 2 tan θ Note that tan θ = 1 2 = 2 2 × 1 1 4 2 × 1 2 = 1 2 = 0.5 \begin{aligned} |UR| & = |RQ| - |PQ|\tan \angle UPQ \\ & = 2 - 2 \tan (90^\circ - 2\theta) \\ & = 2 - 2\cot (2\theta) \\ & = 2 - 2 \times \frac {1-\tan^2 \theta}{2\tan \theta} & \small \blue{\text{Note that }\tan \theta = \frac 12} \\ & = 2 - 2\times \frac {1-\frac 14}{2 \times \frac 12} \\ & = \frac 12 = \boxed{0.5} \end{aligned}

Let S P T = T P U = α \angle {SPT}=\angle {TPU}=α . Then tan α = 1 2 , tan ( 2 α ) = 2 2 U R = 2 × 1 2 1 1 4 = 4 3 U R = 1 2 = 0.5 \tan α=\dfrac{1}{2}, \tan (2α)=\dfrac{2}{2-|\overline {UR}|}=\dfrac{2\times \frac{1}{2}}{1-\frac{1}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{3}\implies |\overline {UR}|=\dfrac{1}{2}=\boxed {0.5} .

i couldnt find where to post a solution. i find a way without trigonometry. lets build perpendicular from T to PU and call it O. PTU and OTU are similar so OU/TU=TU/PR -> sqrt5 OU=TU. TU^2=TR^2+RU^2, which is (sqrt5 OU)^2=OU^2+1 -->OU=RU=0,5

Boris Ivanov - 1 year, 1 month ago

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How do you know that P T U \triangle {PTU} and O T U \triangle {OTU} are similar?

A Former Brilliant Member - 1 year, 1 month ago

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nice point! he needs to show that..

nibedan mukherjee - 1 year, 1 month ago

triangle PTO & triangle PTS are congruent by (ASA) congruency, so by (CPCT) ST = OT = 1. Again consider quad(PSTO) it's a cyclic quad... so (angle SPO) = (angle OTR) = 2 theta... similarly triangle OTU and triangle RTU are congruent by (RHS) congruency … which further gives (angle OTU) = (angle RTU) = theta ..by CPCT.
Now, (angle PTU) = angle PTO + angle RTU = (90 - theta) + theta = 90... which makes PTU and OTU similar triangles...

nibedan mukherjee - 1 year, 1 month ago

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