Which of the following numbers is divisible by 1 1 ?
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Try 1 : 2 1 8 = 2 6 2 1 4 4 + 7 = 2 6 2 1 5 1
262151 not divisible by 11
Try 2 :
2 2 0 = 2 0 4 8 5 7 6 + 7 = 2 0 4 8 5 8 3
2048583 not divisible by 11
Try 3
2 1 6 = 6 5 5 3 6 + 7 = 6 5 5 4 3
65543 not divisible by 11
Try 4 :
2 2 2 = 4 1 9 4 3 0 4 + 7 = 4 1 9 4 3 1 1
4194311 divisible by 11
Hence the answer is 2 2 0 2 2 + 7 .
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By Fermat's Little Theorem, we have a p − 1 ≡ 1 ( m o d p ) for prime p and integer a such that g cd ( a , p ) = 1 .
Then, 2 1 0 ≡ 1 ( m o d 1 1 )
Raise both sides to the power of 2 0 2 :
2 2 0 2 0 ≡ 1 ( m o d 1 1 )
Multiply both sides by 2 2 = 4 :
2 2 0 2 2 ≡ 4 ( m o d 1 1 )
Add 7 to both sides:
2 2 0 2 2 + 7 ≡ 1 1 ≡ 0 ( m o d 1 1 )
Thus, 1 1 divides 2 2 0 2 2 + 7 .