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1001 1 0 n 1 0 m \large 1001 \mid 10^n - 10^m

Let 0 m < n 99 0 \le m < n \le 99 be non-negative integers such that the above statement is true. How many ( m , n ) (m,n) satisfy?


The answer is 784.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Feb 14, 2017

We need 1 0 m 1 0 n ( m o d 1001 ) 10^m \equiv 10^n \pmod{1001} , and hence 1 0 n m 1 10^{n-m} \equiv 1 modulo 7 7 , 11 11 and 13 13 . Since 1 0 6 10^6 is the smallest power of 10 10 that is congruent to 1 1 modulo each of 7 , 11 , 13 7\,,\,11\,,\,13 , the answer is simply the number of pairs of non-negative integers 0 m < n 99 0 \le m < n \le 99 such that m n ( m o d 6 ) m \equiv n \pmod{6} .

For j = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 j = 0,1,2,3 there are 17 17 integers between 0 0 and 99 99 that are congruent to j j modulo 6 6 , and hence there are ( 17 2 ) \binom{17}{2} pairs of integers 0 m < n 99 0 \le m < n \le 99 such that m n j ( m o d 6 ) m \equiv n \equiv j \pmod{6} .

For j = 4 , 5 j=4,5 there are 16 16 integers between 0 0 and 99 99 that are congruent to j j modulo 6 6 , and hence there are ( 16 2 ) \binom{16}{2} pairs of integers 0 m < n 99 0 \le m < n \le 99 such that m n j ( m o d 6 ) m \equiv n \equiv j \pmod{6} .

Hence there are 4 ( 17 2 ) + 2 ( 16 2 ) = 784 4\binom{17}{2} + 2\binom{16}{2} = \boxed{784} pairs of non-negative integers 0 m < n 99 0 \le m < n \le 99 such that 1 0 m 1 0 n ( m o d 1001 ) 10^m \equiv 10^n \pmod{1001} .

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