Find the total number of pairs of positive integers ( x , y ) such that x 2 = y 2 + 1 0 0 .
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You can improve the solution by explaining that x + y , x − y have the same parity, so we only need to consider ( x + y , x − y ) = ( 5 0 , 2 ) .
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You're right, sir. Since x + y is even, then x − y must be even too; or if x + y is odd, then x − y must be odd too. Thank you sir.
x 2 x 2 − y 2 ( x − y ) ( x + y ) = y 2 + 1 0 0 = 1 0 0 = 1 0 0
Let m n = 1 0 0 , where m and n be the positive integer factors of 100, with m < n . Then we have:
{ x − y = m x + y = n ⟹ 2 x = m + n . Note that m + n must be even so that x is an integer. There are only four cases of ( m , n ) :
m 1 2 4 5 n 1 0 0 5 0 2 5 2 0 m + n 1 0 1 5 2 2 9 2 5 Odd, rejected. Even, x = 2 6 , y = 2 4 Odd, rejected. Odd, rejected.
Therefore, there is only 1 case, that is when x = 2 6 and y = 2 4 .
Note that when m = n = 1 0 , ⟹ x = 1 0 and y = 0 , which is not a positive integer.
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By the equation, we have x ² − y ² = 1 0 0 ⇒ ( x + y ) ( x − y ) = 1 0 0 .
Since x + y > x − y for ( x , y ) are positive, then we have ( x + y ) = ( 1 0 0 , 5 0 , 2 5 , 2 0 ) and ( x − y ) = ( 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 ) , for ( x , y ) are positive integers.
If x + y = 1 0 0 ; x − y = 1 , there's no solution for ( x , y ) .
If x + y = 5 0 ; x − y = 2 , we have ( x , y ) = ( 2 6 , 2 4 ) .
If x + y = 2 5 ; x − y = 4 , there's no solution for ( x , y ) .
If x + y = 2 0 ; x − y = 5 , there's no solution for ( x , y ) .
Hence, there's only 1 pair of positive integers of ( x , y ) .
By Triple Pythagoras, we can clearly see that ( x , y ) = ( 2 6 , 2 4 ) .