∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ln ( e t tan t ) d t
The integral above has a closed from. Find this closed form.
Give your answer to 3 decimal places.
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Using reflection formulas yields a cleaner solution.
∫ a b f ( x ) d x = ∫ a b f ( a + b − x ) d x
This and adding reduces the integrand nicely.
let I = ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ln ( e t tan t ) d t I = ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ln ( e π / 2 − t cot t ) d t / / p u t u = π / 2 − t 2 I = ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ln ( e t tan t ) d t + ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ln ( e π / 2 − t cot t ) d t 2 I = ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ( ln ( e t tan t ) + ln ( e π / 2 − t cot t ) ) d t = ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t ln ( e − π / 2 ) d t 2 I = − 2 π ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t cos t d t = − 4 π I = − 8 π
Another trick is to expand the integrand into:
sin(x) cos(x) ln[ sin(x)/(cos(x) e^x) ] = sin(x) cos(x)*[ln sin(x) - ln cos(x) - ln e^x];
or sin(x) cos(x) ln sin(x) - sin(x) cos(x) ln cos(x) - sin(x) cos(x) x;
or sin(x) cos(x) ln sin(x) - sin(x) cos(x) ln cos(x) - (x/2)*sin(2x); (i).
Now, taking u = sin(x); du = cos(x) dx; v = cos(x); dv = -sin(x) dx, the integral of u*ln(u) becomes:
(u^2)/2 * [ln(u) - 1/2] (ii)
using integration-by-parts. This yields the final integration value of:
(1/2) (sin(x))^2 * [ln(sin(x) - 1/2] + (1/2) (cos(x))^2 * [ln(cos(x) - 1/2] - (1/8) sin(2x) + (x/4) cos(2x) (iii)
Plugging in the bounds 0 and pi/2 to (iii) ultimately gives -pi/8 for a result.
Another way could be to expand the integrand as you mentioned and then use derivative of trigonometric form of beta function.
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