f ( x ) = x 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 x .
LetFind ∫ 1 2 0 1 5 f − 1 ( x ) d x .
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Awesome thinking....Mind blowing...
∫ a b f ( x ) d x + ∫ f ( a ) f ( b ) g ( x ) d x = b f ( b ) − a f ( a ) .Where g is the inverse function of f
We use substitution x = f ( u ) , d x = f ′ ( u ) d u
The limits of integration will be then:
For x = 1 , u 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 u = 1 = > u = 0 .
For x = 2 0 1 5 , u 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 u = 2 0 1 5 = > u = 1 .
By the definition of the inverse function, f − 1 ( f ( u ) ) = u .
Therefore,
∫ 1 2 0 1 5 f − 1 ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 1 u f ′ ( u ) d u
Integrating by parts:
∫ 0 1 u f ′ ( u ) d u = u f ( u ) ∣ 0 1 − ∫ 0 1 f ( u ) d u
= u ( u 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 u ) ∣ ∣ 0 1 − ∫ 0 1 u 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 u d u
= u ( u 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 u ) − 2 0 1 5 u 2 0 1 5 − ln 2 0 1 4 2 0 1 4 u ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 0 1
= 2 0 1 5 − 2 0 1 5 1 − ln 2 0 1 4 2 0 1 4 − ln 2 0 1 4 1 ≈ 1 7 5 0 . 4
Alright, now that's cool. But I have a few questions:
Your first substitution is due to the fact that f − 1 ( x ) = u , right?
Why did you bring g into this? I kinda get what you're trying to say, but I think it confuses a bit more.
How did you get u f ′ ( u ) in the integral?
Would there be a general solution for f ( x ) = x a + b x , ∫ c d f − 1 ( x ) d x ? If not, for f ( x ) = x a + a x ?
Thanks, Hassan.
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Good solution. This trick is much more obvious.
This one's the best solution. !
Consider a visual proof of integration by parts:
Note it's obvious that f ( 0 ) = 1 , f ( 1 ) = 2 0 1 5 and thus f − 1 ( 1 ) = 0 , f − 1 ( 2 0 1 5 ) = 1 . It follows by the above proof that f ( 1 ) ⋅ f − 1 ( 2 0 1 5 ) − f ( 0 ) ⋅ f − 1 ( 1 ) = ∫ 0 1 f ( x ) d x + ∫ f ( 0 ) f ( 1 ) f − 1 ( x ) d x
Simplifying, we find ∫ 1 2 0 1 5 f − 1 ( x ) d x = 1 ⋅ 2 0 1 5 − ∫ 0 1 ( x 2 0 1 4 + 2 0 1 4 x ) d x = 2 0 1 4 − [ 2 0 1 5 1 x 2 0 1 5 + lo g ( 2 0 1 4 ) 1 2 0 1 4 x ] 0 1 = 2 0 1 4 − 2 0 1 5 1 − lo g ( 2 0 1 4 ) 2 0 1 3 ≈ 1 7 5 0 . 4
substitute x=f(y) , , by inspection we get limits as 0 to 1 (corresponding to 1 and 2015)
Then you get integral of yf'(y) dy from 0 to 1, take y as first function and f'(y) as second and use IBP,, Fortunately the original function is very easy to integrate,, and ultimately u get 1750.40
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Taking the inverse of a function can be viewed as rotating the graph about the line y = x , i.e., interchanging the axes.
The graph of f ( x ) looks somewhat like this (on finding f ′ ( x ) , we see that it is positive for x ≥ 0 ). --
graph
The area we need to find is that shaded, the area that f ( x ) makes with the y axis from y = 1 to y = 2 0 1 5 .
On some observation of f ( x ) , we see that it attains the value 2 0 1 5 at x = 1 .
So, the required area can be written as the area enclosed by f ( x ) with the x axis from 0 to 1 subtracted from a rectangle with length 2 0 1 5 units and breadth 1 unit.
Hence, ∫ 1 2 0 1 5 f − 1 ( x ) d x = 2 0 1 5 × 1 − ∫ 0 1 f ( x ) d x = 2 0 1 5 − ( 2 0 1 5 1 + lo g ( 2 0 1 4 ) 2 0 1 3 ) ≈ 1 7 5 0 . 4 1