This Is Why I Hate Beetroot

Algebra Level 5

Consider the quartic equation :
x 4 + a x 3 + b x 2 + c x + d = 0 x^4+ax^3+bx^2+cx+d = 0

If the sum of the first two roots of the equation is equal to the sum of the last two roots, then find the range of values of c \displaystyle c , such that, b + c = 1 \displaystyle b+c = 1 and a 2 a\neq -2

Details and Assumptions:
\bullet The roots may also be complex.
\bullet a , b , c , d a,b,c,d are real numbers.

Image credit: National Cancer Institute
( , 1 4 ) \left(-\infty,\frac{1}{4}\right) ( , 1 ) \left(-\infty,1\right) ( , 3 ) \left(-\infty, 3\right) ( , 4 ) \left(-\infty,4\right)

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1 solution

Jatin Yadav
Apr 26, 2014

Let the roots be α , β , γ \alpha, \beta, \gamma , and δ \delta .

α + β = γ + δ = t \alpha + \beta = \gamma + \delta = t (say)

Now, use vieta's formulae:

α + β + γ + δ = a 2 \alpha+\beta+\gamma+\delta = -a \neq 2

t = a 2 1 \Rightarrow t = \dfrac{-a}{2} \neq 1

Now, as a R a \in R , hence t R t \in R

Now, α β + γ δ + ( α + β ) ( γ + δ ) = b \alpha \beta + \gamma \delta + (\alpha + \beta)(\gamma + \delta) = b

t 2 + α β + γ δ = 1 c \Rightarrow t^2 + \alpha \beta + \gamma \delta = 1 - c

Also,

( α β + γ δ ) ( α + β ) = c (\alpha \beta + \gamma\delta)(\alpha + \beta) = -c

α β + γ δ = c t \Rightarrow \alpha \beta + \gamma \delta = \dfrac{-c}{t}

Putting this value in our previous equation,

t 2 c t = 1 c t^2 - \dfrac{c}{t} = 1 - c

( t 1 ) ( t 2 + t + c ) t = 0 \Rightarrow\dfrac{(t-1)(t^2+t+c)}{t} = 0

Now, as t 1 t \neq 1 , t 2 + t + c t^2+t+c must have real roots as t R t \in R ,

So, 1 4 c 0 1- 4c \leq 0

@Anish Puthuraya What does beetroot have to do with this problem?

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Couldn't find a word that had "root" in it. Also, since I hated Beetroot, it was the most perfect manifestation of my hate for problems on roots (Just kidding, I love mathematics)

Anish Puthuraya - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Did you create this question yourself.....???

Max B - 7 years, 1 month ago

nice solution

Max B - 7 years, 1 month ago

Good Solution,upvoted.

rajdeep brahma - 4 years, 2 months ago

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