Let be a function from the integers to the real numbers such that
What is the maximum number of distinct values of ?
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Note that since both f ( x ) = f ( x − 1 ) ⋅ f ( x + 1 ) and f ( x + 1 ) = f ( x ) ⋅ f ( x + 2 ) , we have f ( x ) = f ( x − 1 ) ⋅ f ( x ) ⋅ f ( x + 2 ) → either f ( x ) = 0 or f ( x − 1 ) ⋅ f ( x + 2 ) = 1 → f ( x ) ⋅ f ( x + 3 ) = 1 for all x . Since f ( x ) = 0 seems not to be the maximum number of possible solutions, as it only yields 1 , we ignore it for now. So we have f ( x ) ⋅ f ( x + 3 ) = 1 → f ( x ) = f ( x + 3 ) 1 for all x . By this same logic, we have f ( x + 3 ) = f ( x + 6 ) 1 and f ( x ) = f ( x + 6 ) . Thus, we also have f ( x − 1 ) = f ( x + 5 ) and all other variants in this form. Now, we can achieve a maximum of 6 possible values. Also, the sextuplet f ( 1 ) , f ( 2 ) , f ( 3 ) , f ( 4 ) , f ( 5 ) , f ( 6 ) will be in the form a , b , c , a 1 , b 1 , c 1 . Thus, for any a , b , c s.t. a = b , b = c , a = c , and none of a , b , c are equal to 1 or 0 , we will achieve the maximum 6 different values. Thus, the answer is 6 .