Three right circular cones each of height and base radius are placed on the floor with the centers of their bases forming an equilateral triangle of side length . Next, a hollow spherical ball of radius is placed in between them, tangent to all three cones. How high above the floor is the center of this ball ?
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Here is a top view of the three cones:
Since the side length of the equilateral triangle is 3 , by the properties of an equilateral triangle, A C = 3 , so B C = A C − A B = 3 − 1 .
Here is a side view of one of the cones with the ball:
By the Pythagorean Theorem on △ A B D , B D = A D 2 + A B 2 = 4 2 + 1 2 = 1 7 .
Since △ H E F ∼ △ A B D by AA similarity, E H = E F ⋅ B D A B = 2 3 ⋅ 1 7 1 = 2 1 7 3 and F H = E F ⋅ B D A D = 2 3 ⋅ 1 7 4 = 1 7 6 .
Then F G = F H − G H = F H − B C = 1 7 6 − ( 3 − 1 ) .
Since △ G F B ∼ △ A B D also by AA similarity, G B = F G ⋅ A B A D = ( 1 7 6 − ( 3 − 1 ) ) ⋅ 1 4 = 1 7 2 4 − 4 3 + 4 .
The height of the center of the ball is then E C = E H + H C = E H + G B = 2 1 7 3 + 1 7 2 4 − 4 3 + 4 = 2 3 1 7 − 4 3 + 4 ≈ 3 . 2 5 6 .