Tom drove from P to Q

Algebra Level 2

Tom drove from P P to Q Q at constant speed 30 km/h \text{30 km/h} and then drove from Q Q to P P at constant speed X km/h \text{X km/h} . If the average speed of the whole journey is 45 km/h \text{45 km/h} , then what is X X ?

60 90 50 75

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3 solutions

Barry Leung
Jan 21, 2019

Let the distance of P to Q be L.

Time needed for the first ride= L 30 \frac{L}{30}

Time needed for the second ride= L X \frac{L}{X}

Total time needed= 2 L 45 \frac{2L}{45}

So, we solve the following equation, L 30 \frac{L}{30} + L X \frac{L}{X} = 2 L 45 \frac{2L}{45}

We derive X=90

Jordan Cahn
Jan 21, 2019

To calculate an average speed, one uses the harmonic mean , since the vehicle spends the same distance at each speed, not the same time .

2 1 30 + 1 x = 45 1 30 + 1 x = 2 45 x + 30 = 4 3 x x = 90 \begin{aligned} \frac{2}{\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{x}} &= 45 \\ \frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{x} &= \frac{2}{45} \\ x+30 &= \frac{4}{3}x \\ x &= \boxed{90} \end{aligned}

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jan 22, 2019

Let the distance between P P and Q Q be D D . Then the time it took Tom to drive from P P to Q Q is t 1 = D 30 t_1 = \dfrac D{30} hours and that from Q Q to P P is t 2 = D X t_2 = \dfrac DX hours. The the average speed is given by:

2 D t 1 + t 2 = 45 2 D D 30 + D X = 45 60 X X + 30 = 45 4 X = 3 X + 90 X = 90 \begin{aligned} \frac {2D}{t_1+t_2} & = 45 \\ \frac {2D}{\frac D{30}+\frac DX} & = 45 \\ \frac {60X}{X+30} & = 45 \\ 4X & = 3X + 90 \\ \implies X & = \boxed{90} \end{aligned}

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